Rural Australians are less physically active than their metropolitan counterparts, and yet very little is known of the candidate intervention targets for promoting physical activity in rural populations. As rural regions are economically, socially and environmentally diverse, drivers of regular physical activity are likely to vary between regions. This study explored the region-specific correla...

INTRODUCTION In Ontario, Canada, there is a tendency to conflate rural and northern issues and although much of northern Ontario is rural, this is not exclusively the case. In this study, data were utilized from the licensing and regulatory body of physicians in Ontario to provide a more nuanced understanding of the distribution of the physician population across varying degrees of rurality in ...

The paper discusses the institutional reforms for rural electrification (RE) in Thailand and Bangladesh and analyses the impacts of private sector participation in electricity generation and tariff reforms on the poor in Thailand. RE program in Thailand, initiated in 1977, increased electricity access by rural households from 7% in early 70s to 97% by 2000. In Bangladesh the RE program, initiat...

Socioeconomic trends and developments within the U.S. healthcare system have challenged rural hospitals' ability to maintain adequate operating margins and offer needed services. However, some hospitals have fared better in this negative environment than have others. To clarify factors that distinguish the most viable rural Catholic hospitals from the least viable, our study identified a group ...

The New South Wales Department of Health (NSW Health) wishes to make appropriate use of casemix data as inputs to the determination of funding levels for small rural hospitals. However, other factors such as hospital size and degree of isolation might need to be taken into account. The study reported here involved correlation of actual expenditures with those predicted by use of a casemix model...

The rural citizens’ political participation case of Xiaohe Village in Dezhou City of Shangdong Province indicates that in the underdeveloped rural regions of Chinese eastern provinces, rural citizens’ political participation has the characters such as the participation enthusiasm and organization degree are lower, the political participation degree and level are lower, and the probability of th...

BACKGROUND Although child immunization is regarded as a highly cost-effective lifesaver, about fifty percent of the eligible children aged 12-23 months in India are without essential immunization coverage. Despite several programmatic initiatives, urban-rural and gender difference in child immunization pose an intimidating challenge to India's public health agenda. This study assesses the urban...

reaching to a sustainable development of the country requires much attention to the sustainable development of rural areas. in this context, measuring and assessment of the sustainability with the aim of studying current situation, and understanding the differences between the regions in terms of sustainability indicators is very important in order to make optimal decisions regarding rural deve...

background: the aim of present work was to evaluate the drinking water quality from various regions including both urban and rural areas of hamadan province, western iran. methods: in this cross-sectional descriptive study, the samples were collected for a periods of 12 months between january 25, 2014 and january 25, 2015 from frequently used household taps as well as from municipal and communa...