Infrastructure planning for networked infrastructure such as grid electrification (or piped supply of water) has historically been a process of outward network expansion, either by utilities in response to immediate economic opportunity, or in response to a government mandate or subsidy intended to catalyze economic growth. While significant progress has been made in access to grid electricity ...

abstract: today, informal settlements have been accepted in the cities and towns as a problem and an urban fact facing urban and regional management in different countries of the world. according to past experiences and the evolutions of today, searching for new and efficient solutions in order to improve the quality of these settlements in line with converting them into a habitable zone of urb...

Recent research has demonstrated the importance of rural settlement in Iberian culture, although there are still few sites explored depth. ‘Rural settlement’ is term we use to designate small habitation or agricultural structures that became common from Middle Period (450–200 bc) onward; such constituted basis a hierarchical system characteristic societies developing towards archaic states. The...

In rural Ermenek a temporal displacement is observed within the framework of climatic cycle and economic inputs. This spatial movement rhythmically evolves into vineyard settlement for agricultural purposes, plateau animal husbandry, winter settlement. Each these settlements forms its own pattern based on temporary permanent status. study focuses Ermenek, mainly abandoned in summer months, inte...