An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to content, full HTML content provided on page. A PDF of also in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Mid-winter movements of up to several hundreds of kilometres are typical for many migratory bird species wintering in Africa. Unpredictable temporary food concentrations are thought to result in random movements of such birds, whereas resightings and recoveries of marked birds suggest some degree of site fidelity. Only detailed (e.g. satellite) tracking of individual migrants can reveal the rel...

21 Chapter 1 Earth Science In order to pursue better understandings and predictions of high-impact phenomena in the atmosphere and ocean mainly at mid-latitudes, we conducted simulations of a typhoon and a tornado, predictability studies of precipitation in the Sahel and the Kuroshio Extension jet, and a global atmospheric data assimilation experiment with local ensemble transform Kalman filter...

Foreword In 1985, rain came to the Sahel and provided partial relief from its latest drought. For the moment, hunger in West Africa is largely forgotten. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding why this area remains so poor and so vulnerable after nearly a decade of development assistance. In June 1985, the Technology Assessment Board approved the requests of three congressional com...

Precipitation is one of the most important meteorological variables for defining the climate dynamics, but the spatial patterns of precipitation have not been fully investigated yet. The complex network theory, which provides a robust tool to investigate the statistical interdependence of many interacting elements, is used here to analyze the spatial dynamics of annual precipitation over sevent...

A study of the long-term variability; trend and characteristics of visibility in four zones of Nigeria was carried out. Visibility and other meteorological data from NOAA-NCDC and aerosol index data over Nigeria during 1984–2013 are analyzed using time series and simple regression model. There are significant decreasing trends for every region and season during the 30-years period; the fluctuat...

The ability of coupled GCMs to correctly simulate the climatology and a prominent mode of variability of the West African monsoon is evaluated, and the results are used to make informed decisions about which models may be producing more reliable projections of future climate in this region. The integrations were made available by the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison for t...