• Low-intensity selective logging had negligible effects on basal area. Recently logged (one year since logging) forests more heterogeneous canopy openness. Older (ten years slightly higher sapling diversity. relative liana abundances. Liana removal techniques may be the most effective option for management improvement. Tropical are under threat of increasing pressure from income-generating lan...

Whole-plant development trajectories and sapling leaf displays were compared for two sympatric congeneric species, Pterospermum diversifolium and P. javanicum, in a tropical floodplain forest in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. We assessed their growth strategies and developed hypotheses for their coexistence within the community. Pterospermum diversifolium retains a monoaxial growth habit that prom...

Forests are natural resources that play an essential role in climate change mitigation. Rising earth temperatures causing change, which is driven by increase greenhouse particles, one of carbon particles. Human actions generate The amount absorbed and stored critical to understanding serves as a measure forest condition. study’s goal determine the Alue Geulima Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan. Forest ...

This study discusses the composition of type and structure vegetation in habitat black dare monkey (Macaca Maura) at Lejja Nature Tourism Park, Soppeng Regency, which aims to determine Macaca Maura Park. The research is located Park Conservation forest area, Regency. method used observation, purposive sampling, literature study, documentation. At same time, Pole level found 12 species with a to...

In a simulation model, the relative advantage of negative versus positive allometry of defense, that is, early versus delayed defensive investment, depends on the forms of the relationships between body size and growth, body size and mortality deterrence, and defense size and mortality deterrence. Positive allometry is favored by strongly sigmoidal growth, a strongly convex body-size/deterrence...

There is a great number of Charaxinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) species in the tropics whose larvae feed on several plant families. However the genus Anaea is almost always associated with Croton species (Euphorbiaceae). This work describes patterns of host plant use by immature and adult abundance on different vertical strata of sympatric Anaea species in a forest of Southeastern Brazil. Quan...

In nature, a sapling can grow into a big tree under irradiation of sunlight. In chemistry, a similar concept that a small molecule only exposing to sunlight grows into a hyperbranched macromolecule has not been realized by now. The achievement of the concept will be fascinating and valuable for polymer synthesis wherein sunlight is inexpensive, abundant, renewable, and nonpolluting. Herein, we ...

This study was conducted in the Kordofan region of Sudan during 2011–12. It was devoted to the morphology associated to the juvenile development and performance of tree species of Capparaceae and Combretaceae in a nursery and early field growth. The nursery experiment was conducted to study morphological characters to identify seedlings of tree species under study. Seedlings were transplanted t...

This paper describes Huazhong Normal University’s participation in TAC 2010. For the guided summarization task, we use a better basic summarization system which makes many improvements to the method we used in TAC 2009. Our system is based on uncertainty methods, including cloud. Our teams IDs are 6 and 23, and they are among the best of all the 43 automatic summarization systems in TAC 2010.