A low-voltage analog multiplier operating at 1.2V is presented. The multiplier core consists of four MOS transistors operating in the saturation region. The circuit exploits the quadratic relation between current and voltage of the MOS transistor in saturation. The circuit was designed using standard 0.6μm CMOS technology. Simulation results indicate an IP3 of 4.9dBm and a spur free dynamic ran...

Abstract—Current transformers are an integral part of power system because it provides a proportional safe amount of current for protection and measurement applications. However, when the power system experiences an abnormal situation leading to huge current flow, then this huge current is proportionally injected to the protection and metering circuit. Since the protection and metering equipmen...

Spike discharges of single olfactory receptor cells (ORCs) were recorded with the whole cell patch-clamp method applied to slice preparation. In parallel, activities of transduction channels were measured under the voltage-clamp condition. When cells were stimulated by odorants, 54 out of 306 cells exhibited inward current responses (10 mM cineole in the puffer pipette). The amplitude of the in...