Helical structures are more disordered and diffract more weakly than two-dimensional crystals, and images of them are inherently noisier. Automated techniques allowed us to correct, align and merge data from hundreds of images. To extend from ~1.0 nm resolution to the near atomic level (~0.4 nm), we needed to know whether our handling of images could be improved. For example, curved particles a...

Organizations use environmental scanning to monitor important events in their surrounding environment. It is a way to answer the question, "What's happening in my environment that will affect my future?" Scanning involves identifying the issues and trends that have important implications for the future. The scanning includes analysis of the information about these issues and trends to assess th...

With the globalisation of semiconductor manufacturing, integrated circuits become vulnerable to malevolent activities in the form of Trojan and backdoor insertion. An adversary can introduce Trojans into the design during fabrication stage by modifying the mask at a chip foundry. It can also be present inside third parties’ modules or blocks used in the design. Backdoors could be implemented by...

Eric O. Postma1, H. Jaap van den Herik1, and Patrick T.W. Hudson1 Abstract. A model for attentional scanning is constructed in the form of a gating network which consists of gating lattices. A gating lattice is a sparsely-connected neural network. The process of covert attention is interpreted as a biological solution to the problem of translation-invariant pattern processing. We arrive at the ...