Small-angle scattering has been employed to study the structure of lipid bilayers in unilamellar vesicles. This paper evaluates the use of a model approach for the analysis of such data. A long molecular dynamics simulation of a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer in the L(alpha) phase provides detailed structural information from which scattering length density profiles and scattering inten...

Independent verification of the MU settings and dose calculation of IMRT treatment plans is an important step in the IMRT quality assurance (QA) procedure. At present, the verification is mainly based on experimental measurements, which are time consuming and labor intensive. Although a few simplified algorithms have recently been proposed for the independent dose (or MU) calculation, head scat...

We study the emergence of a collective optical response of a cold and dense Rb atomic cloud to a near-resonant low-intensity light when the atom number is gradually increased. Experimental observations are compared with microscopic stochastic simulations of recurrent scattering processes between the atoms that incorporate the atomic multilevel structure and the optical measurement setup. We ana...

We describe a simple method for performing accurate computer simulation and modeling of arbitrary-geometry electro-optic (EO) devices. We use a material EO model that includes the effects of scattering and depolarization as well as the change in the index of refraction. Finite-element analysis is used to determine the electrostatic field distribution for EO device designs. Attenuation of the tr...

The spectrum and the circular polarization of radiation from longitudinally polarized high-energy electrons in oriented single crystal are considered using the method which permits inseparable consideration of both the coherent and the incoherent mechanisms of photon emission. The spectral and polarization properties of radiation are obtained and analyzed. It is found that in some part of spect...

Electric fields of repetitively pulsed nanosecond discharges have been measured from electric-field induced Raman scattering by hydrogen molecules. Especially the temporal evolution of the electric field spatial distribution was recorded. With a high-speed optical emission intensity analysis, it has been found that most ionization events take place within a very short period during an ionizatio...

Measurements of scattered light intensity as a function of angle (often called differential [l] or total intensity light scattering) from an eluting sample separated into its particulate/molecular constituents by various chromatographic means permit the improvement of subsequent analyses {in the Rayleigh-Gans-Debye (RGD) approximation [2]} in three distinct ways. First, the ability to make repe...

Microdisk structures have been used to achieve low-threshold lasing. For these microcavity lasers, the spontaneous emission coupling factor p is an important parameter since it determines the threshold current of the laser. Theoretical calculation of p based on the exact solution of the modes in a microdisk is complicated. A simple, approximate method for solving the waveguide modes and the den...

The effect that geometrical resonances of orbiting internally reflecting rays have on the morphology-dependent resonances of microspheres is investigated heuristically and numerically using generalized Lorenz-Mie theory. Angularly resolved off-axis Gaussian beam elastic scattering spectra are presented. The results obtained show that the elastic scattering intensity of morphology-dependent reso...

Intensity contrast in a fully developed speckle pattern resulting from the elastic scattering of a partially polarized light from a strongly scattering medium is theoretically and numerically studied. Simple expressions are derived when the illumination bandwidth is much smaller or larger than the chromatic length of the scattering medium.