English profi ciency is becoming a requirement for success in our interconnected world. The ability to communicate in English is particularly important in the hospitality industry. Without basic profi ciency in English, the generally accepted international language, communication between international guests and hospitality workers can lead to frustration and misunderstanding. Only 32% of Cambo...

OBJECTIVES This experimental study examined whether a brief video intervention identifying the artificial nature of media images could protect adolescent girls from negative media exposure effects and body dissatisfaction. DESIGN A 2 (intervention condition)×2 (exposure condition) between-groups design was used. METHODS Participants were 127 British girls aged between 10 and 13 recruited fr...

This study utilizes a natural experiment in the fee abolition for West German secondary schools to identify its effect on enrollment and to obtain an estimate of the price elasticity of demand for education. The analysis is based on administrative school enrollment statistics as well as on representative individual-level data from three annual surveys of the German Mikrozensus. Estimates sugges...

This article considers mixed community strategies, enacted through planning and regeneration policies, as a policy approach to the improvement of educational outcomes in schools. Analysis is undertaken of educational outcomes across secondary schools in Glasgow. The level of owner occupation in the catchment is positively associated with both examination results at S4 and positive destinations ...

Local dementia education initiatives exist in schools but it is unclear what the wider uptake of such programmes are. A self-created survey was sent to staff in a number of secondary schools (teaching ages 11-16) across Sussex, England. Sixty schools responded to the survey (response rate = 58%). While the majority of schools expressed an interest in including some form of dementia education wi...

Student motivation during adolescence has become an increasingly important issue for educators and researchers. Using a goal theory perspective, researchers have investigated a range of goals (including achievement goals, social goals and future goals) that influence students’ desire to achieve at school. The present study examines the range of goals pursued by adolescents (N=195) from two seco...

OBJECTIVE The 2009 pandemic of influenza A (H1N1) has disproportionately affected children and young adults, resulting in attention by public health officials and the news media on schools as important settings for disease transmission and spread. We aimed to characterize US schools affected by novel influenza A (H1N1) relative to other schools in the same communities. METHODS A database of U...

Even though some countries track students into differing-ability schools by age 10, others keep their entire secondary-school system comprehensive. To estimate the effects of such institutional differences in the face of country heterogeneity, we employ an international differencesin-differences approach. We identify tracking effects by comparing differences in outcome between primary and secon...

This study examines racial differences in students' connectedness to school adults and considers the possibility that disparities in exclusionary discipline practices may reduce all students' sense of connection to educators, not just those who have been disciplined or are from racial groups overrepresented in out-of-school suspensions. Data sources include a self-report survey of secondary sch...

objective: secondary caries is a common problem in dental treatments and its occurrence is attributed to several factors. the present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of secondary caries in posterior teeth of patients presenting to the department of operative dentistry, shahid beheshti dental school.   methods: this descriptive study was conducted on 350 patients with 1,339 posterior tee...