The privatization of war was an objective reality of the political trends. Globalization, information, Technological democratization and Decentralization of power were the root causes of the privatization of war. To world security and national and personal security, the world and the people should be concerned about the development trend of the privatization of war.

Japanese life expectancy increased by about 13.7 years during the first decade after World War II, despite the country's post-war poverty. Although it is known that medical progress explains part of this increase, roles of non-medical factors have not been systematically studied. This study hypothesizes that non-medical factors, in addition to medical factors, are associated with the rapid incr...

After World War II, Europe, especially western Europe and northern Europe, gradually stepped onto a path of social development that was different from America. Quite a lot of socialistic new factors came into being in the production relations, class relations, income distribution and superstructure, etc, in these countries, so that the capitalism in Europe presented obvious staggered qualitativ...

In Celje, the first pharmacist is mentioned as early as 1578, among the first cities in Styria. In the 16th century, provincial classes hired and paid for the so-called provincial pharmacists and also monitored their work. Until the 19th century, pharmacists were considered tradesmen, then the public character of the profession changed: a court decree from 1820 required university education in ...

BACKGROUND W S Robinson made a seminal contribution by demonstrating that correlations for the same two variables can be different at the individual and ecologic level. This study reanalyzes and historically situates Robinson's influential study that laid the foundation for the primacy of analyzing data at only the individual level. METHODS We applied a binomial multilevel logistic model to a...

Prof. Amulya Kumar Saha was born on January 9, 1913, at Pabna in undivided India, which is now in Bangladesh. His father was also a doctor. Dr. Saha completed his graduation in Science from Calcutta University and after that again did his graduation in medicine from R. G. Kar Medical College, Calcutta.1 After surgical apprenticeship under the most illustrious surgeon of that time Dr. L. M. Bane...

Academic institutions exist for many purposes—preparing future leaders, challenging ideas and practices, generating new knowledge, and preparing individuals for careers, among others—but their primary purpose is to educate, facilitate learning, and promote personal and professional development. To accomplish these goals, learners need to be challenged to reflect on (and perhaps reconsider) thei...

Estimates of the proportion of married women who are doing paid work outside their homes vary considerably; but, despite the difficulties of securing reliable figures, it seems safe to conclude that, in most parts of the United Kingdom, the proportion is much greater to-day than it was before the second world war. In the 1931 Census for England and Wales, for example, only 11 per cent. of the m...