Carex diaoluoshanica, a new species of Carex sect. Lageniformes from Hainan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to C. breviscapa but differs in having wider leaves with the leaf base gradually narrowed, 5-10 cm long and petiolelike, culms subfiliform, with only two spikes, the lateral female spikes from near the culm base.

Sedges and grasses have a competitive advantage over cattails at higher elevations in Great Lakes wetlands where periodic low lake levels result soils too dry to support cattails. Regulation of Lake Ontario water eliminated lake-level years, resulting cattail invasion. At wetland scale two sites, we tested restoration methods by dredging channels through cattails, using spoil materials create m...

The name Carex poeppigii (sect. Echinochlaenae) is validated and a new combination in South American Carex, C. vixdentata (sect. Spirostachyae), is made here. Also, the taxonomic status of C. aueri is discussed, and this name is placed in the synonymy of C. reichei (sect. Arenariae).

FoR TnE past several years the writer has conducted a series of observations and banding studies on the Bank Swallow (Riparia r. riparia) in the Lake Okoboji region, northwestern Iowa and in the Albany and Oneida Lake regions, New York State. Although these investigations have not been terminated, they have reached a stage where similar inquiries may be profitably undertaken with some closely r...

T he evolution of C4 photosynthesis was a signal shift in the history of life on Earth, including at least 50 independent origins in 19 families of higher plants (1). Today, C4 plants account for a quarter of the primary productivity on the planet despite representing a small fraction (∼3%) of the estimated 250,000 land plant species (2). Most C4 plants are grasses (family Poaceae, 4,500 specie...

The particular flood recessional ecosystem in Poyang Lake provides young and high quality grasses in late autumn and wintertime, and attracts millions of migratory birds to over winter. Grasslands along the lakes within Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve (NNR) have a remarkable phenology. So far, little attention has been paid to this dynamics of phenology. This thesis aimed to describe and in...

UNLABELLED Phytophthora species were isolated from rivers and streams in the southwestern United States by leaf baiting and identified by sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The major waterways examined included the Rio Grande River, Gila River, Colorado River, and San Juan River. The most prevalent species identified in rivers and streams were Phytophth...