Seismic analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures are performed based on linear response, however it is universally accepted that under severe earthquakes inelastic response and cracking is accepted. Therefore element properties should reflect this condition and inertias of beams and columns should be reduced accordingly. Several procedures are suggested to considered effective rigi...

The Iranian plateau has been known as one of the most seismically active regions of the world, and it frequently suffers destructive and catastrophic earthquakes that cause heavy loss of human life and widespread damage. Earthquakes are regularly felt on all sides of the region. Prediction of the occurrence location of the future earthquakes along with determining the probability percentage can...

[1] The most common form of seismic exploration remains a nearly linear survey with data acquisition lines including the source and receivers. The interpretation of amplitude and waveform information for such linear acquisition requires consideration of 3D seismic wavefields. In many scenarios the structure is approximately 2D, but still modeling is needed for point sources. In recent years 2.5...

reservoir models are initially generated from estimates of specific rock properties and maps of reservoir heterogeneity. many types of information are used in reservoir model construction. one of the most important sources of information comes from wells, including well logs and core samples. unfortunately well log and core data are local measurements that may not reflect the reservoir behavior...

We present an analysis of migration effects on seismic reflection images of very shallow targets. Reflection objectives in engineering, groundwater, and environmental investigations commonly occur at depths between 2 and 50 m. Because the observation surface is near these imaged reflectors, optical distortion may be so small that migration will not have any effect on the seismic image and may t...

Characterization of material changes with depth (profiles) in many landfill sites can be problematic for some conventional geophysical methods. Localized anomalies within the landfill can complicate mapping of underlying layers, and layered-model techniques are inappropriate for imaging laterally discontinuous landfills. Recently-developed geophysical hardware and software tools provide the opp...

Over the years, there has been an ongoing struggle to relate well-log and seismic data due to the inherent bandwidth limitation of seismic data, the problem of seismic amplitudes, and the apparent inability to delineate and characterize the transitions that can be linked to and held responsible for major reflection events and their signatures. By shifting focus to a scale invariant sharpness ch...

Spectral decomposition is a powerful analysis tool used to identify the frequency content of seismic data. Many spectral decomposition techniques have been developed, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. The basis pursuit technique produces a high time frequency resolution map through formulating the problem as an inversion scheme. This techniques differs from conventional spectral...