The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of bilingualism and similarity/dissimilarity between first language (L1) and second language (L2) on word reading and phonological awareness of bilingual students. Totally 1614 monolingual and bilingual pupils from Tehran [Persian monolingual (Pm) area], Sanandaj [Kurdish-Persian bilingual (KPb) area] and Tabriz [Turkish-Persian bilingual (TPb)...

In this paper, principles and existing feature selection methods for classifying and clustering data be introduced. To that end, categorizing frameworks for finding selected subsets, namely, search-based and non-search based procedures as well as evaluation criteria and data mining tasks are discussed. In the following, a platform is developed as an intermediate step toward developing an intell...

Dependence on computers and internet has given birth to digital literacy. However, research into its influences on the reading process is still in its infancy. To fill the gap, this study was designed to investigate the ways in which text presentation mode (paper vs. digital) affects reading comprehension, as well as reading attitudes. To this end, a sample of 30 male and female English major s...

Given a random variable O ∈ R and a set of experts E, we describe a method for finding a subset of experts S ⊆ E whose aggregated opinion best predicts the outcome of O. Therefore, the problem can be regarded as a team formation for performing a prediction task. We show that in case of aggregating experts’ opinions by simple averaging, finding the best team (the team with the lowest total error...

Existing literature reveals that during reading, gaze fixations within a word are not necessarily close to the optimal reading position. The optimal position for reading represents the gaze fixation near the center of each word for which recognition time is minimal. In our study, we examined the match between optimal position and initial fixation position, which has not been studied before. We ...