Cognitive theories of depression (Beck, Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly. 1:5–37, 1987) predict that depressed individuals will have an increased tendency to interpret ambiguous information in a negative manner. Researchers have observed a negative interpretive bias in a variety of situations, but much of the evidence has come from studies that relied on participan...

In two experiments, direct and indirect semantic priming were measured using event-related potentials. In Experiment 1, participants rated the relatedness between prime and target on a seven-point scale. In Experiment 2, participants simply read the primes and targets as they monitored for a semantic category in probe filler items. Significant direct and indirect N400 priming effects were obser...

The central purpose of this study is to apply the NSM (Natural Semantic Metalanguage) method semantic-conceptual analysis word money and related economic transaction verbs, such as buy, sell pay, used in everyday English. It proposes semantic explications for these words on basis conceptual a range linguistic evidence taking account lexical polysemy. Even its basic meaning (in sentence like the...

Word-finding difficulties observed in some patients with anomia have been attributed to an insufficient activation of phonology by semantics. There are, however, few direct tests of this hypothesis. This paper reports the case of FR, who presented with anomic aphasia following temporal lobe epilepsy and a cavernoma in the left superior temporal lobe. His anomic deficit was characterized by: (1)...

Existing accounts of single-word semantic priming phenomena incorporate multiple mechanisms, such as spreading activation, expectancy-based processes, and postlexical semantic matching. The authors provide empirical and computational support for a single-mechanism distributed network account. Previous studies have found greater semantic priming for low- than for high-frequency target words as w...

Abstract The experiment reported here used a variation of the spatial cueing task to examine effects unimodal and bimodal attention-orienting primes on target identification latencies eye gaze movements. were nonspatial auditory tone words known drive attention consistent with dominant writing reading direction, as well introducing semantic, temporal bias (past–future) horizontal dimension. As ...

a power digraph, denoted by $g(n,k)$, is a directed graph with $z_{n}={0,1,..., n-1}$ as the set of vertices and $l={(x,y):x^{k}equiv y~(bmod , n)}$ as the edge set, where $n$ and $k$ are any positive integers. in this paper, the structure of $g(2q+1,k)$, where $q$ is a sophie germain prime is investigated. the primality tests for the integers of the form $n=2q+1$ are established in terms of th...

To separate the contribution of phonological from that of visual-orthographic information in the recognition of a Chinese word that is composed of one or two Chinese characters, we conducted two experiments in a priming task of semantic categorization (PTSC), in which length (one- or two-character words), relation, prime (related or unrelated prime-target pairs), and SOA (47, 87, or 187 ms) wer...

Iconicity is a property that pervades the lexicon of many sign languages, including American Sign Language (ASL). Iconic signs exhibit a motivated, nonarbitrary mapping between the form of the sign and its meaning. We investigated whether iconicity enhances semantic priming effects for ASL and whether iconic signs are recognized more quickly than noniconic signs are (controlling for strength of...