As the result of a bug in Kchooser, values of Fraction of Core kmers (FCK) were undercalculated by about a factor of two. As a result, the following sections of the paper were affected. The authors have uploaded a bug-fix version of Kchooser to SourceForge (https://sourceforge. net/projects/ksnp), along with an explanation of the issue. In the Results and Discussion section, under the “Kchooser...

a bilingual corpus is considered as a very important knowledge source and an inevitable requirement for many natural language processing (nlp) applications in which two languages are involved. for some languages such as persian, lack of such resources is much more significant. several applications, including statistical and example-based machine translation needs bilingual corpora, in which lar...

In this study, we investigated speaker’s intentions that the listeners perceive through subtly different sentence-final intonations. Approximately 2,000 sentence utterances were recorded and the fundamental frequency (F0) contours at the last vowel of those sentences were classified through one of the standard clustering algorithms. There found various F0 contours, namely, not only simple risin...

In this research, using pyrolysis of phenolic resin in the presence of silicon particles, the SiC ceramic composite is formed. The samples were prepared by introducing 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 wt% of Si particles to the phenolic resin. The samples were cured at 180°C then carbonized at 1100°C. The final carbonized C/Si composites are hot-pressed at 1500°C in inert atmosphere, which is more than th...

The positioning of sentential connectives in Chinese complex sentences is more flexible than their counterparts in English. Sentential connectives in Chinese can be placed in three sensitive positions: clause-initial, predicate-initial, and clause-final positions. Due to the co-existence of prepositions and postpositions in the language, sentential connectives can be placed in both clause-initi...

This study investigated the significance of different intonation markers in intonation perception, and the effect of lexical tone on the perception of intonation. Six tonal contrasts at the final position were presented to twelve listeners in three presentation conditions: complete sentence, carrier-only and final-syllable-only. Results showed similar perceptual accuracy in both complete senten...

This study investigates mechanisms of question intonation in Mandarin Chinese. Three mechanisms of question intonation have been proposed: an overall higher phrase curve, higher strengths of sentence final tones, and a tone-dependent mechanism that flattens the falling slope of the final falling tone and steepens the rising slope of the final rising tone. The phrase curve and strength mechanism...