INTRODUCTION Profound metabolic alkalosis is an uncommon consideration for the anesthetic management of kidney transplantation. Serum total carbon dioxide content and complex electrolyte abnormalities might be important diagnostic clues for the presence of metabolic alkalosis in the absence of arterial blood gas analysis. CASE PRESENTATION A 34-year-old female visited Gachon University Gil Me...

Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder associated with potentially serious or life-threatening consequences. Serum osmolality and sodium concentration [Na+] are regulated by thirst, the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), and renal water and sodium handling. Hyponatremia is frequently caused by dysregulation of AVP, which accompanies disorders of water retention, such as congestive heart...

A close cooperation between medical teams is necessary when calculating the fluid intake of parenterally fed patients. Fluids supplied parenterally, orally and enterally, other infusions, and additional fluid losses (e.g. diarrhea) must be considered. Targeted diagnostic monitoring (volume status) is required in patients with disturbed water or electrolyte balance. Fluid requirements of adults ...

A 26-year-old girl was admitted to the Neurological Department of The First Teaching Hospital of Jilin University with complaints of rapidly deteriorating speech clumsiness for 18 days. Five Days before her attack she had undergone intramuscular pituitrin therapy on account of recurrent haemoptysis. Cranial MRI revealed multiple abnormal signals in bilateral hemisphere and symmetric abnormal si...

W balance is measured by changes in osmolality. Osmolality is the number of osmotically active particles (osmoles) per liter of solution. (Osmolarity is expressed per kilogram). Hypo-osmolality indicates an excess of water relative to osmoles; hyperosmolality indicates water deficiency. The serum osmolality [in milliosmols per liter (mosm/L)] can be calculated by the following formula: Serum os...

One of the most complicating factors during pregnancy is preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder leading to a variety of problems. Serum electrolyte levels and anion gap, mean weights, SBP/DBP of preeclamptic age-matched women (devoid of diabetes, UTI, renal and liver disorders) in their third trimester, as compared to their normotensive counterparts, have been measured, analysed and compared wit...

Intravenous mannitol may lead to electrolyte disturbances involving sodium and potassium and resulting in cardiac dysfunction. This report demonstrates that when mannitol is given during intracranial surgery it can cause large increase potassium ion concentration and decrease in sodium ion concentration in the absence of any other possible causes. Intraoperative checks of serum electrolyte leve...