PURPOSE The aim this study was to compare the accuracy of orthodontists and dentomaxillofacial radiologists in identifying 17 commonly used cephalometric landmarks, and to determine the extent of variability associated with each of those landmarks. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty digital lateral cephalometric radiographs were evaluated by two groups of dental specialists, and 17 cephalometric la...

OBJECTIVE To describe changes in health-related quality of life in people with lower limb amputation, from time of amputation to 18 months, taking into consideration the influence of age and walking distance. In addition, quality of life for people with amputation is compared with the Dutch population norm values. DESIGN Multicentre, longitudinal study. SUBJECTS All people undergoing first ...

AbstractIn this study, we report on the results of a trial of an intervention to improve five food hygiene behaviors among mothers of young children in rural Nepal. This novel intervention targeted five behaviors; cleanliness of serving utensils, handwashing with soap before feeding, proper storage of cooked food, and thorough reheating and water treatment. Based on formative research and a cre...

Despite mounting evidence that sleep duration is a risk factor across diverse health and functional domains, little is known about the distribution and determinants of sleep. In 2003-2004, the authors used wrist activity monitoring and sleep logs to measure time in bed, sleep latency (time required to fall asleep), sleep duration, and sleep efficiency (percentage of time in bed spent sleeping) ...

background: one of negative and influential factor to chronic diseases is creation of sexual problems in the couple's sexual relationship. sexual health is one of the most important factor in sexual and marital satisfaction. objective: this study aims to compare the relationship between couple burnout, sexual assertiveness, and sexual dysfunctional beliefs in women with diabetic and non-diabeti...

BACKGROUND The OptEC trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of oral iron in young children with non-anemic iron deficiency (NAID). The initial sample size calculated for the OptEC trial ranged from 112-198 subjects. Given the uncertainty regarding the parameters used to calculate the sample, an internal pilot study was conducted. The objectives of this internal pilot study were to obtain reli...

Awake humans make eye movements with amplitudes and frequencies that depend on behavioral state and task. This poses two problems for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that compare brain activity across tasks. First, motion of the eye in the orbit increases the variance of the MR signal in adjacent regions of the orbitofrontal cortex, hampering activation detection. Second, e...

PURPOSE To compare immediate interlocking nailing with external fixation followed by delayed interlocking nailing, for Gustilo type IIIB open tibial fractures. METHODS 23 patients with Gustilo IIIB open tibial fractures were treated with either immediate unreamed interlocking nailing (n=9) or external fixation followed by delayed unreamed interlocking nailing (n=14). Patient age, sex ratio, f...

The measurement of physical activity, especially walking activity, is important for many outcome studies. In many investigations, the Physical Activity scale of the short-form-36 (SF-36) health assessment questionnaire is used in lieu of an actual physical measurement of walking. This study determined the relationship between the SF-36 questionnaire and the Step Activity Monitor (SAM), a real-w...

Studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission suggest that genital HIV-1 RNA and DNA may both be determinants of HIV-1 infectivity. Despite its potential role in HIV-1 transmission, there are limited quantitative data on genital HIV-1 DNA. Here we validated an in-house real-time PCR method for quantification of HIV-1 DNA in genital specimens. In reactions with 100 genomes ...