Background: Three groups of factors related to topography, geology and hydrology have influence on the triggering of shallow landslides in soil material. In this paper a single representative factor (T-factor) for the topography is proposed, which can be used to define threshold values for the possibility of shallow soil slides. This study was carried out in the Dayi area, Guizhou Province, Chi...

Reef and temperate carbonate units alternate in the upper Miocene^Pliocene stratigraphic record of Betic basins palaeogeographically connected to the Mediterranean. Shallow-water coralline algal assemblages in temperate units differ in taxonomic composition from those in reef carbonate units. The difference attains the subfamily level since the temperate lithofacies are characterised by assembl...

Recent studies have highlighted the potential benefits of inelastic foundation response during seismic shaking. According to an emerging seismic design scheme, termed rocking isolation, the foundation is intentionally under-designed to promote rocking and limit the inertia transmitted to the structure. Such reversal of capacity design may improve the seismic performance, drastically increasing ...

In the irrigated western U.S. disposal of drainage water has become a significant economic and environmental liability. Development of irrigation water management practices that reduce drainage water volumes is essential. One strategy combines restricted drainage outflow (by plugging the drains) with deficit irrigation to maximize shallow groundwater consumption by crops, thus reducing drainage...

Diagnosis of soil salinity and its spatial variability is required to establish control measures in irrigated agriculture. This article shows the usefulness of electromagnetic (EM) and soil sampling techniques to map salinity. We analysed the salinity of a 1-ha plot of surface-irrigated olive plantation in Aragon, NE Spain, by measuring the electrical conductivity of the saturation extract (ECe...

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seismic waves are filtered as they pass through soil layers, from bedrock to surface. frequencies and amplitudes of the response wave are affected due to this filtration effect and this will result in different ground motion characteristics. therefore, it is important to consider the impact of the soil properties on the evaluation of earthquake ground motions for the design of structures. soil ...

introduction the shahrestanak mn deposit is located in southern qom province, 12 km southwest of the city of kahak. based on geological-structural divisions of iran, the deposit belongs to central volcanic belt or urumieh-dokhtar zone. the venarch deposit is one the most important known manganese deposits in iran. the sharestanak and venarch deposits are spatially and temporally related to each...