Abstract Targeting is an important aim of social policy. Three case studies in this paper reflect typical short-comings the targeting design pension reforms. The first study examines how well work disability and receipt insurance match Germany. We show that 2001 reform has not systematically improved target quality. second whether 2014 introduction a new pathway early retirement without actuari...

Geographic data is often used to supplement business data, but geographic location (GeoLocation) has value in its own right. This geo-spatial study presents a midwestern town’s use of analytics infer the purpose for bike trips (usage purpose) and perform what-if analysis enhance transportation options. The applies spatial bikeshare within transit management public planning address funding sourc...

While there has been sizable literature on the effect of financial development growth, inequality, and poverty, are fewer studies its impact female labor force participation or women’s wellbeing. Using a novel dataset, this paper investigates association between dimensions income share for 156 countries period 1991-2019 to contribute role in improving The findings show that is positively associ...