In this paper, transistor lasers (TLs) are used as an optical modulator for generation of ASK(Amplitude Shift Keying) and FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) optical signals. Our analysis is based on continuity equation, rate equations, and the theory of discontinuity of quasi-fermi level at the abrupt junction. Our simulation results indicate that, the specification of ASK and FSK optical signals, ar...

Background & Aims: Shift work is programmed in various schedules, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The main purposes of this study were: a) to determine common shift schedules used in petrochemical industries, b) to compare shift work health-related problems among employees working in different shift schedules and c) to recommend appropriate shift schedule. Methods: This cross...

quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs) are employed both as disinfectants for manual processing lines and surfaces in the food industry, and in human medicine area. qacs also cause cell death by protein denaturation . one of the qac is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ctab) that appears to rapture the cell membrane. the primary site of action of ctab has been suggested to be the lipid components...

Rolf Br€ uggemann and Gisela SchmidKrebs, Verortungen der Seele: locating the soul. Psychiatriemuseen in Europa /Museums of psychiatry in Europe, Frankfurt am Main, Mabuse-Verlag, 2007, pp. 206, illus., d29.90 (paperback 978-3-938304-48-8). Nicholas Coni,Medicine and warfare: Spain, 1936–1939, Routledge/Ca~nada Blanch Studies on Contemporary Spain, NewYork and London, Routledge, 2007, pp. xxv, ...

Iris Borowy (ed.), Uneasy encounters: the politics of medicine and health in China 1900–1937, Frankfurt am Main and Oxford, Peter Lang, 2009, pp. 230, £40.00 (paperback 978-3-631-57803-2). Iris Bruijn, Ship’s surgeons of the Dutch East India Company: commerce and the progress of medicine in the eighteenth century, Leiden University Press, 2009, pp. 388, illus., e39.50 (paperback 978-90-87-28-05...

The Mössbauer spectra of nanoferrite materials such as Ni0.25Mn0.75Fe2O4, Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 and Ni0.4Co0.6Fe2O4 have been reported and the above materials were prepared by sol-gel combustion method using metal nitrates as source material and Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) as...