The KP equation, which is an integrable nonlinear evolution equation in 2 + 1, i.e., two spatial and one temporal dimensions, is a physically significant generalization of the KdV equation. The question of constructing an integrable generalization of the KP equation in 3+1, has been one of the central open problems in the field of integrability. By complexifying the independent variables of the...

Correlation functions of exactly solvable models can be described by differential equations [1]. In this paper we show that for non free fermionic case differential equations should be replaced by integro-differential equations. We derive an integro-differential equation, which describes time and temperature dependent correlation function 〈ψ(0, 0)ψ(x, t)〉T of penetrable Bose gas. The integrodif...

Bernstein polynomials have been recently used for the solution of some linear and non-linear differential equations, both partial and ordinary, by Bhatta and Bhatti [1] and Bhatti and Bracken [2]. Also these have been used to solve some classes of inegral equations of both first and second kinds, by Mandal and Bhattacharya [3]. These were further used to solve a Cauchy singular integro-differen...

in this paper, we present a comparative study between the modified variational iteration method (mvim) and a hybrid of fourier transform and variational iteration method (ftvim). the study outlines the efficiencyand convergence of the two methods. the analysis is illustrated by investigating four singular partial differential equations with variable coefficients. the solution of singular partia...

We investigate stochastic differential equations with jumps and irregular coefficients, and obtain the existence and uniqueness of generalized stochastic flows. Moreover, we also prove the existence and uniqueness of L-solutions or measure-valued solutions for second order integro-differential equation of Fokker-Planck type.

We study the singular perturbation problem (E2) 2 2u′′ 2 (t) + u ′ 2(t) = Au2(t) + (K ∗Au2)(t) + f2(t), t ≥ 0, 2 > 0, for the integrodifferential equation (E) w′(t) = Aw(t) + (K ∗Aw)(t) + f(t), t ≥ 0, in a Banach space, when 2 → 0. Under the assumption that A is the generator of a strongly continuous cosine family and under some regularity conditions on the scalar-valued kernel K we show that p...

In the paper, the existence of positive solutions is studied for the second-order delay differential equation with a damping term ẍ(t)+ a(t)ẋ(t)+ b(t)x(h(t)) = 0 using a comparison with the integro-differential equation ẏ(t)+ ∫ t t0 e ∫ t s a(ξ)dξb(s)y(h(s))ds = 0. Explicit non-oscillation criteria and comparison type results are derived. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

This work studies various types of input/output representations for analytic input/output operators. It is shown that if an operator satisfies an integro-differential input/output equation or an integral one, then it is locally realizable by analytic state space systems. This generalizes the results previously obtained for differential input/output equations to integral and integro-differential...