Background: Superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SV-ASD) is an interatrial defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) draining into the right atrium. The principle for SV-ASD surgical repair involves redirecting the pulmonary venous blood back to the left atrium and closure of the atrial septal defect without compromising the adjoining structures. Methods: We revi...

Inferior sinus venosus arterial septal defect (ASD) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. As with other types of ASDs and patent foramen ovale (PFO), this results in arteri-venous shunting the risk developing paradoxical embolism (PDE) to systemic circulation from venous emboli. We report case 67-year-old lady presented emergency department (ED) massive pulmonary (PE) recurrent acute limb ischa...

The response of excitable cells to inhibitory nerve impulses has already been studied with intracellular electrodes in several preparations. In the spinal cord of the cat an inhibitory volley sets up a transient polarization of the motoneuron, preventing it from discharging (Brock, Coombs, and Eccles (4)). In the crustacean nerve muscle junction inhibitory impulses have a dual effect. They atte...

OBJECTIVE To assess early and later results after surgery for sinus venous atrial septal defects (ASDs). METHODS Forty-four patients of sinus venosus ASDs with anomalous drainage of the right superior pulmonary vein into the superior vena cava, were operated upon between January 1985 and June 1995. Defects were approached by an incision starting from the tip of the right atrial appendage then...