The layout of irrigation water distribution networks is usually branched. In most of the previous studies pipe sizes of the network had been optimized assuming a predetermined layout of the distribution system. However, only few researches have focused on the simultaneous layout and pipe size optimization. In this study a hybrid approach is adapted for simultaneous layout and pipe size optimiza...

in order to use an islamic financial instrument, this paper intends to measure and evaluate negative and positive deviations from target rate of return in investment opportunity evaluation,that leads to presenting an upside potential- adjusted risk measure. this risk measure named upside potential adjusted risk measure (alpm) is generally applicable and provides assumptions of variance, downsid...

common heat transfer fluids such as water, ethylene glycol, and engine oil have limited heat transfer capabilities due to their low heat transfer properties. nanofluids are suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, a new challenge for thermal sciences provided by nanotechnology. in this study, we are to optimize and report the effects of various parameters such as the ratio of the thermal co...

In many manufacturing problems, multi-objective optimizations are representative models, as objectives considered a conflict with one another. real-life applications, optimizing specific solution concerning objective may end up in unacceptable results the other objectives. Many Manufacturing companies operate under uncertainties and this affects system performance. Stochastic product demand is ...