PURPOSE We present a novel algorithm for computer simulation of breast anatomy for generation of anthropomorphic software breast phantoms. A realistic breast simulation is necessary for preclinical validation of volumetric imaging modalities. METHODS The anthropomorphic software breast phantom simulates the skin, regions of adipose and fibroglandular tissue, and the matrix of Cooper's ligamen...

Light distribution in a strong turbid medium such as skin tissue depends on both the bulk optical properties and the profiles of the interfaces where mismatch in the refractive index occurs. We present recent results of a numerical investigation on the light distribution inside a human skin tissue phantom for a converging laser beam with a wavelength near 1 mum and its dependence on the roughne...

Background: Accelerated partial breast irradiation via interstitial balloon brachytherapy is a fast and effective treatment method for certain early stage breast cancers however skin, chest wall and Lung doses are correlated with toxicity in patients treated with breast brachytherapy.Objective: To investigate the percentage of the dose received by critical organ (skin), thermoluminescence detec...

We have developed a new ultrasound system for imaging residual limbs that employs two scan modes: a vertical scan mode (VSM) primarily used for capturing the skin surface, and a horizontal compound scan mode (HCSM) primarily used for imaging the internal tissue structures. Since the HCSM was described previously (J Rehabil Res Dev 1997;34(3):269-78), the main purpose of this article is to eluci...

Image lag degrades image quality in cone-beam CT (CBCT), resulting in contrast reduction, lack of CT number accuracy and uniformity, and skin-line artifacts. The magnitude of such degradation and the extent to which imaging performance can be improved by means of a lag correction method were investigated. Measurements were performed using a radiotherapy CBCT guidance system (Elekta Synergy XVI,...

Radar-based microwave imaging is being investigated as a complementary diagnostic tool for breast cancer detection. One of the major challenges associated with radar-based breast imaging is the removal of the overwhelming reflection caused by the skin. This paper presents an algorithm that has been designed for realistic 3D scenarios. The algorithm is tested on a variety of realistic 3D numeric...

Evaluation of suspicious skin lesions by dermatologists is usually accomplished using white light examination and direct punch or surgical biopsy. However, these techniques can be imprecise for estimating a lesion's margin or level of dermal invasion when planning surgical resection. Laminar optical tomography (LOT) is an imaging technique capable of acquiring depth-sensitive information within...

  Introduction: In patients with thyroid carcinoma, radiation absorbed doses of the thyroid and surrounding tissues is important to weigh risk and benefit considerations. In nuclear medicine, the accuracy of absorbed dose of internally distributed radionuclides is estimated by different methods such as MIRD and direct method using TLD. The aim of this study is using T...

In a clinical setting, acupuncture treatment consists of multiple components including somatosensory stimulation, treatment context, and attention to needle-based procedures. In order to dissociate somatosensory versus contextual and attentional aspects of acupuncture, we devised a novel form of placebo acupuncture, a visual manipulation dubbed phantom acupuncture, which reproduces the acupunct...