Due to the large variety in computing resources, Cloud markets often suffer from a low probability of finding matches between consumers’ bids and providers’ asks, resulting in low market liquidity. The approach of service level agreement (SLA) templates (i.e., templates for electronic contracts) is a mean to reduce this variety as it channels the demand and supply. However, until now, the SLA t...

The increased reliance of companies on IT outsourcing has turned management attention to a set of skills of managing relationships with service providers. While practitioners proclaimed that a key to managing outsourcing relationships was with SLA, there existed very little understanding of how effectiveness and impact of SLA on IT outsourcing arrangements was measured. Using a conceptual frame...

Customers of cloud services choose the VMs profiles (SLAs) offered by the provider, and pay according to how long these VMs are utilized. Many works deal with how to decrease the cost of VM requests scheduling, but consider solely the charging models in the SLA. However, other characteristics in the SLA must be taken into account when choosing a VM to execute users’ applications (e.g. processin...

Spaceborne Interferometric SAR (InSAR) technology used in the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and spaceborne lidar such as Shuttle Laser Altimeter-02 (SLA-02) are two promising technologies for providing global scale digital elevation models (DEMs). Each type of these systems has limitations that affect the accuracy or extent of coverage. These systems are complementary in developing DE...

Implementing and offering other than best effort services in large scale IP networks, such as Internet, has been and still is one of the biggest challenges for network operators, (internet) service providers (I)SPs and vendors on route towards multiservice IP networks and internet. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) play an important role from providers ́ and the customers ́ business point of view w...

Factors that contribute to interspeci®c variation in photosynthetic nitrogen-use eciency (PNUE, the ratio of CO2 assimilation rate to leaf organic nitrogen content) were investigated, comparing ten dicotyledonous species that di€er inherently in speci®c leaf area (SLA, leaf area:leaf dry mass). Plants were grown hydroponically in controlled environment cabinets at two irradiances (200 and 1000...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6w power carbon dioxide laser (co2) on the biologic compatibility of the sandblasting with large grit and acid etching (sla) titanium discs through studying of the sarcoma osteogenic (saos-2) human osteoblast-like cells viability. methods: sterilized titanium discs were used together with saos-2 human osteoblast-like cells...

Universal Grammar (UG) proposed by Chomsky (1986) has gained a large popularity in linguistics study. The paper firstly illustrates the background and major contents of UG and second language acquisition (SLA). Then it addresses the three hypotheses of UG in SLA, which center on whether adult language learners have access to the principles and parameters of UG in constructing the grammar of a s...

His Master's thesis was about neuronal injury and astrogliosis. This case study reports a rare variation of the superior laryngeal artery (SLA), which is the principal arterial supply of the larynx. The knowledge of the arterial variations is essential for the surgeons to prevent blood loss and postoperative complications. During routine dissection of an adult male cadaver, a rare arterial vari...

Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are currently one of the major research topics in Grid Computing. SLA negotiation protocols define a business relationship between consumer and provider and are thus a necessary part of any commercial Grid application. In the Grid environment, an SLA negotiation protocol for a workflow becomes complicated because of its structure which includes many dependent sub...