There is recent trend of providing additional treatment of wastewater beyond tertiary level. The purpose is to refine water to a quality that is safe for reuse for unrestricted irrigation and other non potable uses. For this purpose Kuwait has built and operated an advanced wastewater treatment plant with present capacity of 500,000 m/d. This plant providing treatment beyond tertiary utilizes t...

The growing demand for water by the population and industry, as well scarcity due to climate change, has created a need reuse treated agricultural purposes. In this context, European Union, through its Regulation (EU) 2020/741, establishes minimum requirements wastewater reuse, specifying that purposes can help promote circular economy reduce fertiliser use setting high-quality standards. aim o...

The low-pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) process is a recent development of (RO) technology for the reduction in RO energy consumption and operation cost. goal this study was to investigate performance LPRO processes treatment reuse effluent discharged from brewery upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactors (UASB). In study, three different commercially available membranes were tested evaluate ...

Background: Application of membrane technology to wastewater treatment has expanded over the last decades due to increasingly stringent legislation, greater opportunities for water reuse/recycling processes and continuing advancement in membrane technology. Objectives: In the present study, a bench-scale submerged microfiltration membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to assess the treatment of tex...

Treatment of municipal wastewater results worldwide in the production of large amounts of sewage sludge. The major part of the dry matter content of this sludge consists of nontoxic organic compounds, in general a combination of primary sludge and secondary (microbiological) sludge. The sludge also contains a substantial amount of inorganic material and a small amount of toxic components. There...

INTRODUCTION A prototype of a swine waste treatment system for a 20-25 sows operation was investigated for its potential of odor control, byproduct utilization and treated wastewater reuse. The high solid portion of the swine waste ranging from 4% to 8% TS was treated and stabilized by the anaerobic process with an HRT (hydraulic retention time) of 32 days. The diluted liquid portion from raw a...

Abstract Safely managed waste reuse may be a sustainable way to protect human health and livelihoods in agrarian-based countries without adequate sewerage. The safe recovery of fecal sludge-derived fertilizer (FSF) has become an important policy discussion low-income economies as manage urban sanitation benefit peri-urban agriculture. But what drives the user acceptance composted sludge? We dev...

The US National Research Council recently recommended direct potable water reuse (DPR), or potable water reuse without environmental buffer, for consideration to address US water demand. However, conveyance of wastewater and water to and from centralized treatment plants consumes on average four times the energy of treatment in the USA, and centralized DPR would further require upgradient distr...