Radiotherapy to the head and neck region has oral side effects can lead catastrophic dental deterioration, but this is largely preventable. This article describes case of a patient whose dentition was irreparably compromised after radical radiotherapy for soft palate cancer. The had fairly well maintained at pre-radiotherapy screen, – notably dry mouth reduced access cleaning coupled with high-...

They are three principal ways to deal with a secondary cell suppression problem in τ -Argus. The Hypercube algorithm gives a fast solution that may cause overprotection. The Optimal method solves a problem of Mixed Integer Linear Programming and the Modular approach enables to find more quickly a near-optimal solution for hierarchical tables. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantage...

the liver is an organ at risk (oar) in radiotherapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors such as gastric, distal esophagus, lower lung and breast, bile duct, pancreas and whole abdomen. in this study the alteration in liver functional tests (lft) of these patients during radiotherapy was investigated. to that end, the level of serum aspartate aminotransferase (ast), alanine aminotransferase (alt), ...

Prostate cancer is the most common and second leading cause of death among men in the world. Nowadays, radiotherapy has been known as one of the most affecting methods for prostate cancer treatment. Nevertheless, radiotherapy is accompanied by the concern of developing secondary cancers by the scattered radiation to the neighbor  organs at risk. Several studies have shown that secondary cancers...

Introduction: Computerized treatment planning is a rapidly evolving modality that depends on hardware and software efficiency. Despite ICRU recommendations suggesting 5% deviation in dose delivery the overall uncertainty shall be less than 3.5% as suggested by B.J. Minjnheer. J. In house spreadsheets are developed by the medical physicists to cross-verify the dose calculated by the Treatment Pl...

The Smart Grid, regarded as the next generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. In this article, we survey the literature till 2011 on the enabling technologies for the Smart Grid. We explore three major systems, namely the smart infrastructure system, the smart management system, and the smart prote...

background: this research was conducted to evaluate the potential benefits of zinc sulphate in the prevention of radiation induced mucositis in patients who are being treated for head and neck cancers. materials and methods: forty patients with proven cancers of head and neck were randomly divided into 2 equal groups that either received zinc sulphate or placebo (control group). patients who re...

introduction: breast cancer is the second most common cause of brain metastasis. although patient prognosis is poor, isolated brain metastasis occasionally can be an option for treatment with curative intent in breast cancer patients. case presentation: we report a patient with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who developed an isolated right frontal lobe metastasis within 5 months of fin...

conclusions consultation sessions are necessary to reduce depression of patients with cancer. since depression may reduce quality of life and reaction to treatment, curing depression may relatively reduce side effects of disease for patients to have less pain and problems. background cancer is one of the chronic diseases, which increases the risk of depression. the main causes of depression amo...