STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine whether British lung cancer (LC) trends are adequately explained by cigarette smoking trends, and whether modelling using aggregated smoking prevalence estimates can validly replace modelling using individual smoking histories. METHODS Observed LC trends for 1955-1985 for both sexes and three age groups were compared with multistage model predictions using smokin...

BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Much of the epidemiologic research on tobacco focuses on smoking, especially cigarette smoking, but little attention on smokeless tobacco (SLT). METHODS Using data from the Republic of Congo Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) of 2006, we estimated the prevalence of SLT use among in-school adolescents. We also assesse...

abstract introduction: smoking is one of the sanitary problems in world today. increasing smoking of cigarette and other tobacco products has concerned health managers and community responsible. in recent decades, smoking has increased specially in developing countries and the smokers are adding every year. the objective of this study is determination of smoking prevalence and its distribution ...

We examined the extent to which nicotine dependence and daily smoking might vary by age at first cigarette. The potential confounding effects of sex, race and history of childhood behaviour problems were examined as well. A sample of 1200 was randomly selected from the subset of 21-30-year-old members of a large HMO in the Detroit SMSA; 1007 (84%) agreed to participate. Personal interviews were...

IMPORTANCE The prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is increasing. Population health effects will depend on cigarette smoking behaviors, levels of dual use with conventional cigarettes, and e-cigarette toxicity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate potential health effects of various scenarios of increasing promotion and use of e-cigarettes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A base case mo...

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of substance abuse among students of selected schools of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among students in five schools of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2014. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire which was designed by the researcher. Questionnaires were ...

The effects of electronic-cigarette use (vaping), marketed as a healthier alternative to cigarette smoking (CS), on lung function remain equivocal. Therefore, this study assessed and compared the vaping CS maximum respiratory pressures (MRP), carboxyhaemoglobin levels. Forty-four young healthy participants were recruited: vapers (n = 12), smokers 14), people who had never vaped nor smoked (cont...

Objectives: This study examines the differences in the rate of smoking cessation during pregnancy among mothers who smoked before pregnancy, by selected maternal characteristics. We also identify differences in maternal behaviors and birth outcomes between women who did and did not quit smoking during pregnancy, among women who smoked before pregnancy. Methods: The sample for this study was obt...

TOPIC: Tobacco Cessation and Prevention TYPE: Original Investigations PURPOSE: Since the first launch of e-cigarette in 2003, their use has been drastically increasing every day. As per CDC, vapes, vaporizers, vape pens, hookah electronic cigarettes, e-pipes are some many terms used to describe nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). These have marketed as safer alternatives traditional smoking. Cons...

Individuals have lost full autonomy over their smoking when quitting becomes unpleasant or difficult. We examined autonomy in relation to smoking frequency and lifetime cigarette use. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by three convenience samples of Year 10 students (ages 14-15) in New Zealand between 2002 and 2004 (n=96,156). The Hooked On Nicotine Checklist was used to measure d...