Assessing the condition of underground pipelines such as water lines, sewer pipes, and telecommunication conduits in an automated and reliable manner is vital to the safety and maintenance of buried public infrastructure. In order to fully automate the condition assessment of buried pipes, it is necessary to develop a robust defect analysis and interpretation system. This paper presents the dev...

Water distribution networks are not randomly constituted systems. On the contrary, their designs are closely related to their hydraulic performance. Recognizing the sundry and relative importance of the different pipes in a water distribution network may help in assessing their impact on the hydraulic performance of the network. This information, in turn, will be helpful in the different aspect...

[1] This paper presents, for the first time, evidence to show that Calluna species are one causative factor of piping in blanket peat catchments. Ground-penetrating radar survey on 960 plots illustrated that piping was prevalent throughout blanket peats. However, soil pipe occurrence was significantly higher where bare peat (149 pipes/km) or Calluna (87 pipes/km) were present compared to other ...

The occurrence of discoloured water at the tap is one of the most frequent reasons for customers to complain. Water discolouration arises from the resuspension of loose deposits (LD) that accumulate in drinking water pipes, due to velocity increase. Because of its typical brownish/reddish colour, discoloured water is traditionally perceived as a consequence of cast-iron pipes corrosion, even in...

Feeling more than usually like the proverbial plodding policeman, I received inspiration as the second large drop of water exploded on the aforementioned pate. Naiis, floor-boards, water-pipes, burst. Don't panic, do something, keep cool, ask wife, Where's wife? Shopping who knows where, for who knows how long. Alright, don't panic, any doctor can cope with emergencies. Turn the water off. Simple.

A Tabu Search optimisation technique is proposed for designing, planning and maintaining water distribution systems. As design and maintenance of pipe networks for water supply distribution require high costs, achieving the highest level of performance of existing networks at minimum costs is mandatory. The problem involves setting a lot of variables, as location and diameters of new pipes, ope...

The effect of cigar and pipe smoking on the risk of myocardial infarction was evaluated in an interview study of 572 men with non-fatal first myocardial infarctions and 934 hospital controls. The study was conducted in the north eastern United States from 1980 to 1983. All subjects were 40-54 years of age, and none had smoked cigarettes for at least two years. Among men who had never smoked cig...

In the present research new algorithms for automatic minimal loop extraction and initialisation have been developed for water pipe network analysis. The present work converts water pipe networks into graph data structures with pipes as edges and nodes of the network as nodes of the graph. The Nested Breadth First Search (NBFS) algorithm has been developed for the automatic extraction of loops f...