-Adducin polymorphism in humans is associated with abnormal renal sodium handling and high blood pressure. The mechanisms by which mutations in adducin affect the renal set point for sodium excretion are not known. Decreases in Na ,K -ATPase activity attributable to endocytosis of active units in renal tubule cells by dopamine regulates sodium excretion during high-salt diet. Milan rats carryin...

To evaluate the influence of the sodium/proton exchanger (Na+,H+ exchanger) on the constriction of rat resistance vessels and on the iliac artery, the isometric vasoconstrictions of renal resistance vessels and strips from iliac artery derived from Wistar-Kyoto rats were measured using a vessel myograph. The Na+,H+ exchanger was activated by intracellular acidification using propionic acid. Cyt...

BACKGROUND Salt is essential in our diet, but excess intake is a well-established risk factor for hypertension. The presence and importance of genetic contributions to salt intake, however, are not well understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine whether a genetic predisposition and an environmental influence exist for sodium intake and salt habit. DESIGN In a twin-family coh...

Electrical stimulation of isolated adult rat heart cells in suspension at 4 Hz resulted in a fourfold increase in the rate of sodium influx and efflux across the sarcolemma, with no change in total cell sodium, as measured with 22Na. The magnitude of stimulation-dependent sodium fluxes under these conditions averaged 17 nmol/min/mg protein. The increased rate of efflux was inhibited by tetrodot...

Using sodium, instead of lithium, in rechargeable batteries is a way to circumvent the lithium's resource problem. The challenge is to find an electrode material that can reversibly undergo redox reactions in a sodium-electrolyte at the desired electrochemical potential. We proved that indigo carmine (IC, 5,5'-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt) can work as a positive-electrode material in not o...

The effects of intracellular acidification, osmotic shrinkage and ss-adrenergic stimulation on sodium transport across the membrane of lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) erythrocytes were investigated. Unidirectional ouabain-insensitive sodium flux, measured using radioactive 22Na, was increased markedly by intracellular acidification, to a lesser extent by osmotic shrinkage and only modestly by ss...

Acute hypertension rapidly inhibits proximal tubule (PT) Na,K-ATPase activity and sodium reabsorption 30 to 40%, increasing sodium and volume delivery to the thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH) and macula densa, providing the error signal for tubuloglomerular feedback. The hypothesis was tested in rats that an acute increase in sodium and volume delivery to the TALH would acutely increase oute...

The current paradigm regarding sodium handling in animals and humans postulates that total body sodium is regulated predominately via regulation of extracellular volume. Active sodium storage independent of volume retention is thought to be negligible. However, studies in animals, hypertensive patients, and healthy humans suggest water-free storage of sodium in skin. We hypothesized that tissue...

Oxygen consumed by the kidney (Q(O(2))) is primarily obligated to sodium reabsorption (T(Na)). The relationship of Q(O(2)) to T(Na) (Q(O(2))/T(Na)) may be altered by hormones and autacoids. To examine whether Q(O(2))/T(Na) depends on the mechanism of sodium reabsorption, we first evaluated the effects on Q(O(2)) and Q(O(2))/T(Na) of benzolamide (BNZ), a proximal diuretic that works by inhibitin...