Serum sodium concentrations were measured in 93 children with pneumonia or bacterial meningitis on their admission to hospital. Hyponatraemia (sodium value 134 mmol/l or less) was present in 33 (45%) of the 73 children with pneumonia, and in 10 (50%) of the 20 children with bacterial meningitis. Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone is common in children with pneumonia, as well as in chil...

fluoxetine, a widely used antidepressant, can affect the serum sodium level. the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare changes in the serum sodium level of depressive patients taking fluoxetine according to age.this quasi-experimental study was conducted on 126 patients with depression, dividing the patients into two age groups of 15 to 35 years, and above 55 years, who referred to psyc...

We investigated the role of insulin in salt-sensitive hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive and salt-resistant rats. The rats were kept in metabolic cages, and sodium intake and urinary sodium excretion were measured. In salt-sensitive rats receiving a 0.3% NaCl diet, sodium retention was significantly greater at weeks 1 and 2 in rats that received an insulin infusion than in those receiving a sa...

To study the changes in electrolyte concentrations in cells of patients with congestive heart failure, we measured the sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes obtained from 34 stabilized patients treated with only digoxin and not with diuretics in order to avoid the effects of miscellaneous drugs and acute water overload. Patients were divided into classes I-III according to the NYH...

Background. ICU acquired hypernatremia (IAH, serum sodium concentration (sNa) ≥ 143 mmol/L) is mainly considered iatrogenic, induced by sodium overload and water deficit. Main goal of the current paper was to answer the following questions: Can the development of IAH indeed be explained by sodium intake and water balance? Or can it be explained by renal cation excretion? Methods. Two retrospect...

The epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) is tightly regulated by sodium intake to maintain whole body sodium homeostasis. In addition, ENaC is inhibited by high levels of intracellular Na(+) [Na(+)](i), presumably to prevent cell Na(+) overload and swelling. However, it is not clear if this regulation is relevant in vivo. We show here that in rats, an acute (4 h) oral sodium load decreases whole-cel...

The kidneys play a vital role in maintaining normal tissue hydration and serum sodium level. In haemodialysis patients, with impaired or absent kidney function, fluid status is managed by removing excess fluid using ultrafiltration and by restricting dietary sodium intake. Ideally, haemodialysis patients should remain close to normal hydration throughout the interdialytic period, with minimal p...