Enhancement of solubility is one of the difficult tasks which become challenges in formulation development of orally administered drug with poor aqueous solubility. Poor water solubility of drugs often causes significant problems in producing formulations of sufficiently high bioavailability, preventing effective use of the drugs. 'Mixed-solvency ' concept is the phenomenon to increase the solu...

Clopidogrel, an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, selectively inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet receptor and the subsequent ADP-mediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. Oral bioavailability of clopidogrel is very low (less than 50%), due to its poor water solubility. The aim of this investigation was ...

A rapid approach has been developed for the fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) by the hydrothermal treatment of lignin in the presence of H₂O₂. The as-synthesized CDs were found to emit blue photoluminescence with excellent photostability. Moreover, the CDs displayed biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and high water solubility properties. Finally, the as-resulted CDs were demonstrated to be excelle...

The physical chemical factors controlling partition coefficients between air, water, blood, and various tissues are discussed. It is suggested that improved insights into the relations between partition coefficients, which are frequently expressed as correlations, may be obtained by viewing the partition coefficients as ratios of solubilities or pseudosolubilities. A simple, novel correlation a...

Electrical conductivity of minerals is sensitive to water content and hence can be used to infer the water content in the mantle. However, previous studies to infer the water content in the upper mantle were based on pure olivine model of the upper mantle. Influence of other minerals particularly that of orthopyroxene needs to be included to obtain a better estimate of water content in view of ...

The use of active lipophilic substances such as antimicrobials and health-related compounds in the food industry is still a challenge due to their poor water solubility and instability in food formulations. Nano-sized structures such as nanoemulsions of oil-in-water are regarded as useful tools with a great potential in the food sector to incorporate food ingredients. Reducing the size of the a...

Solubility of lornoxicam in various pure solvents and solvent-cosolvent mixtures was studied to understand drug vehicle interactions and in order to get the required solubility equal to the dose of lornoxicam, i.e., 4 mg/ml for development of solution formulation. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400, propylene glycol, ethanol, water, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and ethyl acetate were used...

The present work concerns with an investigation on the solubility of cis,cis-muconic acid dissolution in different polar solvents by characterizing and modeling the dissolution as a function of temperature. Water, ethanol, 2-propanol and acetic acid have been investigated as solvents in the range temperatures from a 298.15 to 348.15 K. Owing to the absence of cis,cis-muconic acid solubility...

Clopidogrel, an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, selectively inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet receptor and the subsequent ADP-mediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. Oral bioavailability of clopidogrel is very low (less than 50%), due to its poor water solubility. The aim of this investigation was ...

Amphiphilic cyclodextrin–fullerene conjugates have potential biological activity, due to their water solubility. In order to study the influence of the linker of these conjugates on solubility and aggregation, a permethylated β-cyclodextrin–C60 conjugate with a short linker –(CH2)2NHCO–, which is attached to the secondary face of β-cyclodextrin was synthesized. Its solubility in water and its U...