Vein biometric system uses vein inside human body as a unique identification. Researchers have concluded that human vein pattern is unique to an individual. Vein pattern cannot be stolen or duplicated because it is in the human body. At present, vein pattern in finger, palm, palm-dorsa and wrist of human are used for biometric system. This paper presents a review on vein enhancement methods. Th...

Retinal vein occlusion is one of the vascular disorders affecting vision. Branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion are the two basic types of vein occlusion. Branch retinal vein occlusion is three times more common than central retinal vein occlusion and is second only to diabetic retinopathy as the most common retinal vascular cause of visual impairment. The origin of b...

The study of the variations in the superficial veins of head and neck and their draining pattern is very important due to the complexity in their developmental pattern. A total of 32 cadavers of both sexes were used for the study and the head and neck region were dissected carefully and photographed in the department of anatomy, Vinayaka Mission Kirupananda Variyar Medical College & Hospital, S...

The vein structure is stable over time and can be manipulated for identifying human. The sclera portion of the human eye has blood vessel pattern which is unique for each human being. So, the sclera vein pattern can be used for a useful biometric feature. A few research works has been done over finger vein pattern recognition. Finger vein is an important biometric technique for personal identif...

The anatomy of the basilic vein in the arm is described. Twenty-six arms from 13 cadavers were studied. A comparative analysis, which included the number of valves and measurement of the diameter of the basilic vein at three different points in the arm, was done. The basilic vein was always present and single. In its superficial segment, this vein was joined by the intermediate cubital vein in ...

Veins of the head and neck exhibiting anatomical variations or malformations are clinically significant. Anatomical variation in the external jugular vein is very common. However, anatomical variation in the retromandibular vein is rare. In this paper, we report a rare case of complete absence of the retromandibular vein. In the absence of the retromandibular vein, the maxillary vein divided in...

introduction pulmonary vein stenosis includes narrowing of one or more pulmonary veins that may have congenital or acquired causes. congenital pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare condition and also a rare cause for pulmonary hypertension. since identifying the etiology of pulmonary hypertension plays a crucial role in medical and surgical planning, we decided to introduce a rare case of pulmonary...

In recent years, vein-based biometric recognition has received ever-increasing attention from both academia and industry, due to the advantages it offers over traditional traits such as fingerprint, iris, face. Nonetheless, some issues related use of vein biometrics still need be investigated understood. Specifically, in this study, we speculate about gender-related variations patterns, their e...