Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) prophylaxis significantly reduces the total incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) for patients with lower-limb fractures managed with surgical fixation and cast immobilization (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on multiple randomized controlled studies [RCTs]). Evidence is insufficient to show whether LMWH specifically reduces the risk of clinica...

yes. The use of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy decreases the risk of preeclampsia for women considered at increased risk. The effect is smaller for women without risk factors (strength of recommendation [sor]: a, based on randomized controlled trials [rCTs] and systematic reviews [srs] of rCTs). rates of preterm delivery, perinatal death, and incidence of small-forgestational age infants are...

Evidence-Based Answer Complete decongestive physiotherapy (i.e., a noninvasive protocol consisting of skin care, lymph drainage massage, exercises, and compression bandaging1) effectively improves edema, rates of infection, and quality of life in patients with lower-extremity lymphedema. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on prospective cohort studies.) Microsurgery may be effective fo...

Ontology, an explicit specification of shared conceptualization, has been increasingly used to define formal data semantics and improve data reusability and interoperability in enterprise information systems. In this paper, we present and demonstrate SOR (Scalable Ontology Repository), a practical system for ontology storage, reasoning, and search. SOR uses Relational DBMS to store ontologies, ...

Published just over a half century ago, Schedules of Reinforcement (SOR) (Ferster & Skinner, 1957) marked the seminal empirical contribution of the book’s second author and ushered in an era of research on behavior–environment relationships. This article traces the origins of both the methods and the data presented in SOR, and its legacy within experimental psychology. The operant methodology o...

yes. The presence of arborized crystals (ferning) in amniotic fluid is both sensitive (74%-100%) and specific (77%-100%) for diagnosing rupture of membranes in laboring women who report loss of fluid (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, multiple prospective cohort studies). However, it is much less sensitive and specific for women with fluid loss who aren’t in labor (SOR: B, 1 prospective coho...

Beta-blockers (class II antiarrhythmics) reduce sudden death and total mortality in patients with heart failure (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials). Amiodarone (class III) may reduce sudden death in heart failure (SOR: B, extrapolation from randomized controlled trials), but evidence is weak that it reduces total mortality, and it h...

Perform an ankle-arm index (AAI, or ankle-brachial index) test to evaluate for peripheral artery disease (PAD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, cohort studies). If the test detects PAD, recommend steps to modify cardiovascular risk factors (SOR: B, extrapolation from randomized clinical trials [RCTs]). Additional vascular diagnostic evaluation is not indicated, because no evidence suggests...

The paper describes, discusses, and numerically illustrates the method for obtaining a priori estimates of the optimum relaxation factor in the SOR iteration method. The computational strategy of this method uses the so-called Sigma-SOR algorithm based on the theoretical result proven in the paper. The method presented is especially efficient for problems with slowly convergent iteration proces...

six to 8 weeks after the start of levothyroxine therapy you should reexamine patients and measure their serum thyroidstimulating hormone (TsH) (strength of recommendation [sor]: c, common practice and expert opinion). If thyroid function is normal at that time, examine the patient and measure serum TsH again in 4 to 6 months because clearance of levothyroxine increases in the euthyroid (normal)...