Climate-related hazards such as sand and dust storms (SDS) have various impacts on human health, socio-economy, environment, agroecosystems. Iran has been severely affected by domestic external SDS during the last two decades. Considering fragile economy of Iran’s rural areas strong dependence livelihood agroecosystems, cause serious damage to communities. Therefore, there is an urgent need con...

background defensive medicine prompts physicians not to admit high-risk patients who need intensive care. this phenomenon not only decreases the quality of healthcare services, but also wastes scarce health resources. defensive medicine occurs in negative and positive forms. hence, the present study aimed to determine frequency of positive and negative defensive medicine behaviors and their und...

BACKGROUND Epidemics of mosquito-borne viral infections such as dengue, chikungunya, West Nile and Rift Valley fevers in neighbouring countries and risk of introduction of exotic vectors into Iran have placed this country at a significant risk for these mosquito-borne diseases. METHODS After the first dengue case reported in Iran in 2008, active entomological surveillance of Aedes albopictus ...

Merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) and merozoite surface protein-2 (MSP-2) were used to develop vaccines and to investigate the genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Iran. Nested polymerase chain reaction amplification was used to determine polymorphisms of block 2 of the MSP-1 and the central domain of MSP-2 genes. A total of 67 microscopically positive P. falciparum infected ...

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal cancers, including esophageal, gastric, liver and pancreatic are relatively common in Iran. Furthermore, consumption of opium and its derivatives (O&D) are considerable. This study, aimed to examine the association between consumption of O&D and the incidence of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers. METHODS In a matched case-control study in Kerman (located in sout...

Dengue fever is one of the most important arthropod-borne viral diseases of public health significance. It is endemic in most tropical and subtropical parts of the world, many of which are popular tourist destinations. The presence of dengue infection was examined in Iranian patients who were referred to the Arboviruses and Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory of the Pasteur Institute of Iran a...

Recently, Northeast Asia has become one of the three largest trade areas, covering approximately 30% of the total trade volume of the world. However, the distribution facilities are saturated due to the increase in the transportation volume within the area and with the European countries. In order to accommodate the increase of the transportation volume, the transportation networking with the m...

Blood-feeding and autogenous sub-colonies were selected from a laboratory, stock colony of Aedes togoi, which was originally collected from Koh Nom Sao, Chanthaburi province, Southeast Thailand. Comparative biology and filarial susceptibility between the two sub-colonies (blood-feeding: F11, F13; autogeny: F38, F40) were investigated to evaluate their viability and vectorial capacity. The resul...