A radioimmunoassay for glyceollin I, the major phytoalexin produced by soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), has been developed. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against a glyceollin I-bovine serum albumin conjugate. The antisera were used to establish a radioimmunoassay for glyceollin I using [(125)I]glyceollin I as the tracer. A logit plot of a standard concentration series yielded a straight li...

Mutant-based reverse genetics offers a powerful way to create novel mutant alleles at a selected locus. This approach makes it possible to directly identify plants that carry a specific modified gene from the nucleotide sequence data. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has a highly redundant paleopolyploid genome (approx. 1.1 Gb), which was completely sequenced in 2010. Using reverse genetics to ...

The influence of rhizosphere/rhizoplane culture conditions on the ability of various rhizobia to bind soybean seed lectin (SBL) was examined. Eleven strains of the soybean symbiont, Rhizobium japonicum, and six strains of various heterologous Rhizobium species were cultured in root exudate of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) and in association with roots of soybean seedlings which were growing ...

This study was conducted to determine the effects of argon plasma on the growth of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] sprouts and investigate the regulation mechanism of energy metabolism. The germination and growth characteristics were modified by argon plasma at different potentials and exposure durations. Upon investigation, plasma treatment at 22.1 kV for 12 s maximized the germination and se...

Two types of resistant soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) sources are widely used against soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe). These include Peking-type soybean, whose resistance requires both the rhg1-a and Rhg4 alleles, and PI 88788-type soybean, whose resistance requires only the rhg1-b allele. Multiple copy number of PI 88788-type GmSNAP18, GmAAT, and GmWI12 in one genom...

Artificial aphid diets have been previously developed for the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). The ability to rear aphids on an artificial diet allows for selectively adding or subtracting compounds from an aphid's food source to determine the effect on fecundity and longevity. Five diets previously developed for the green peach aphid ...

Rapid expansion and intensification of crop agriculture in the tropics may accelerate ecosystem losses reactive nitrogen (N). We quantified emissions nitric oxide (NO) nitrous (N2O) forest, single-cropped soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], N-fertilized double-cropped soybean–maize (Zea mays L.) at three N fertilizer levels within largest area recent cropland on earth, Amazon Cerrado biomes Brazi...

Field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) (PC) and winter camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] (WC) have the potential to provide ecosystem services economic incentives when adopted as an oilseed cover crops in corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max Merr.] rotations. However, PC WC establishment yield northern Corn Belt their subsequent impact on row are not well known. This study was conducted ...

The highly specialized maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production system that dominates midwestern U.S. agriculture has led to widespread on-farm off-farm degradation of damage natural resources. practice extending maize–soybean rotations with small grains forages great potential balance environmental goals, but adoption these practices is low. Because little known abou...

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr] is the legume with largest cultivated area worldwide and its yield depends largely on symbiotic nitrogen fixation root architecture. This study aimed to explore genetic variability of architectural traits di-nitrogen fixing activity in a small collection nine European cultivars belonging same maturity group during their early stages. New image analysis approache...