Current technologies allow movements of the players and the ball in football matches to be tracked and recorded with high accuracy and temporal frequency. We demonstrate an approach to analyzing football data with the aim to find typical patterns of spatial arrangement of the field players. It involves transformation of original coordinates to relative positions of the players and the ball with...

Matching two representations against one another is central to many applications, e.g., matching observation against models in object or scene recognition or matching a local perception against a global map in self-localization if a mobile robot. In both examples, spatial information structures are associated, i.e., the representation includes spatial arrangement information of individual parts...

Multicellular eukaryotes can perform functions that exceed the possibilities of an individual cell. These functions emerge through interactions between differentiated cells that are precisely arranged in space. Bacteria also form multicellular collectives that consist of differentiated but genetically identical cells. How does the functionality of these collectives depend on the spatial arrange...

OBJECTIVES To clarify the reason why patients with left unilateral spatial neglect fail to copy the left side of a daisy like flower, not continuing to draw petals all around. METHODS A flower was simplified and a figure was made that consisted of a large central circle and small circles surrounding it. Four patients with typical left unilateral spatial neglect performed copying and arrangeme...

Macroscopic properties of electrorheological (ER) fluids are often determined by the spatial arrangement of the suspended particles. We investigate the microstructure of polydisperse ER fluids at low concentrations in a DC electric field. Optical microscopy reveals that the particles with polydispersity in size or in both size and dielectric property are mixed in stable single particle width ch...

We recently reported that a close relationship exists between alkane carbon-chain length, cell growth, and translocation frequency in Rhodococcus. In the present study, we examined the regulation of the spatial arrangement of cells in aqueous-alkane two phase cultures. An analysis of the effects of minerals on cell localization revealed that changes in the concentration of MgSO4 in two phase cu...

In the recent years there has been an increased interest in the pyridazinone ring system. Many investigations indicated that the presence of at least one aryl group, one or two electron donor atoms and/or an NH group in a special spatial arrangement is necessary for anticonvulsant activity. Many investigations indicated that the presence of at least one aryl group, one or two electron donor ato...