Type 2 diabetes (DM2) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Aldosterone, which has pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory effects in the cardiovascular system, is positively regulated in DM2. We assessed whether blockade of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) with spironolactone decreases reactive oxygen species (ROS)-associated vascular dysfunction and improves vascular nitric oxide (NO) sign...

Long-term exposure of uninephrectomized rats to desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)/salt induces cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy through mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs). However, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. To determine whether Na/H exchange isoform 1 (NHE1) is involved in the cellular mechanisms, we examined the effects of a specific NHE1 inhibitor, cariporide, and an...

Spironolactone Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease To the Editor: In one of the latest issues of Hypertension, Michea et al1 reported that the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and oxidative stress of the heart in uremic rats. The results of our recent clinical study indicate that spironolactone acts to decrease t...

Six cases of severe electrolyte disorders with acute kidney failure after overdosing on furosemide, spironolactone and captopril were reported. All them less than six months age congenital heart defects treated by cardiologists a dosage 2mg/kg spironolactone, per day. However, their parents gave the wrong dose, as result, all children received higher doses both furosemide (8.8 – 13.3mg/kg/day),...

This study tested the hypothesis that angiotensin promotes oxidative stress and inflammation in humans via aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor. We measured the effect of intravenous aldosterone (0.7 mug/kg per hour for 10 hours followed by 0.9 mug/kg per hour for 4 hours) and vehicle in a randomized, double-blind crossover study in 11 sodium-restricted normotensive subjects. Aldoster...

conclusions spironolactone combined with aceis or arbs leads to reduction of proteinuria in chronic kidney disease and therefore reduction of progression of the disease. objectives the study was designed to assess the effects of spironolactone as the aldosterone antagonist combined with acei or arb drugs to reduce proteinuria in chronic kidney disease to prevent its progression. patients and me...

We have studied the effects of add-on spironolactone treatment (100 mg/day) in 11 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and > 3 gm proteinuria/day despite angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy titrated to a systolic/diastolic blood pressure < 120/80 mmHg. Blood pressure, 24-hour urinary protein excretion, and creatinine clearance were measured prior to, after two...

Eplerenone is the second oral aldosterone antagonist available in the USA for the treatment of essential hypertension and heart failure. Treatment has been associated with reductions in blood pressure and improved survival (15% reduction in total mortality) for patients with heart failure who are in stable condition after a myocardial infarction. Due to the selectivity of eplerenone for the ald...

In the present study, we investigated whether and how the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone affects cardiac growth and development through apoptosis and cell proliferation in the neonatal rat heart. Newborn rat pups were treated with spironolactone (200 mg/kg/d) for 7 days. The cell proliferation was studied by PCNA immunostaining. The treatment with spironolactone decreased ...

THE co-administration of an aldosterone antagonist and a thiazide diuretic has been consistently effective in the treatment of cirrhotic edema and ascites (Gantt and Dyniewicz, I959; Ogden, Scherr, Spritz and Rubin, I96I; Shaldon, I96I). In renal (edema too, success has attended the use of spironolactone (Manning and Behrle, I96I). In both of these conditions independent evidence implicates sec...