Three-dimensional n-heptane spray flames in a swirl combustor are investigated by means of direct numerical simulation (DNS) to provide insight into realistic spray evaporation and combustion as well as relevant modeling issues. The variable-density, low-Mach number Navier–Stokes equations are solved using a fully conservative and kinetic energy conserving finite difference scheme in cylindrica...

This study presents a systematic analysis of wetted region due to cooling of aluminum plate by water spray impingement with respect to different water flow rates, spray nozzle heights, and subcooling. Unlike jet impingement, the wetting is not commenced upon spray impingement and there is a delay in wetness of hot test surface. After initiation, the wetting (black zone) progresses gradually to ...

[1] Knowledge of the size‐ and composition‐dependent production flux of primary sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles and its dependence on environmental variables is required for modeling cloud microphysical properties and aerosol radiative influences, interpreting measurements of particulate matter in coastal areas and its relation to air quality, and evaluating rates of uptake and reactions of g...

In recent days, current research is going in alternative fuels due to increase in global warming and pollution in all over the world and also very stringent emission norms. In this way, the study on spray progress plays an important role in improving complete combustion and emission of fuel, because it is directly affects the air-fuel mixture formation. The macroscopic spray characteristics of ...

Field trials were conducted to demonstrate the need for correcting sampled spray concentration data for sampler collection efficiencies and estimated spray exposure levels in mosquito bioassays for cage interference effects. A large spray block was targeted with aerial spray treatments of etofenprox in order to create a gradient in both spray concentration and mortality. Spray concentrations we...

Title of Thesis: A POTENTIAL FLOW MODEL OF A FIRE SPRINKLER HEAD Taylor Myers, Master of Science, 2014 Dissertation directed by: Professor André Marshall Department of Fire Protection Engineering Understanding fire sprinkler sprays fills a critical gap in the modeling of fire suppression systems. Previous research has shown that a modeling framework consisting of an instability model coupled wi...

Ñ State of the Art of Multi-Dimensional Modeling of Engine Reacting Flows Ñ An overview is provided of the state of art and future prospects for the use of CFD simulation in engine analysis and design. The aspects covered include geometry handling and mesh generation, numerical solvers, mathematical modeling of key physical phenomena, exploitation of parallel computers and industrial applicatio...

Transported probability density function (PDF) methods have shown promise in modeling canonical flame configurations. More recently, they have been applied to simple engine configurations to demonstrate their feasibility in more practical applications, and to demonstrate the importance of accurate accounting for turbulence/chemistry interactions in IC engines. In this work we take PDF methods o...

Fungicides manufactured to control soybean rust are effective; however, successful control of this disease will mostly depend on proper application methods. Spray coverage and deposition from 9 application equipment/spray nozzles were analyzed. In general, the spray treatments with air assistance were more effective in spraying rust fungicides than the treatments with the conventional boom spra...

PURPOSE To compare the pharmacodynamic effects of an anodyne spray (XQAS) containing extracts of two herbs, Cynanchum paniculatum (CP) and Illicium henryi (IH), with those of spray containing the vehicle alone, CP alone (CPS) or IH alone (IHS), when applied topically acute soft tissue injury (STI) in an animal model. METHODS Acute closed STI was modeled by hammer blow in the hind leg muscle o...