BACKGROUND Binocular rivalry is a perceptual phenomenon that arises when two incompatible images are presented separately, one to each eye, and the observer experiences involuntary perceptual alternations between the two images. If the two images are flickering at two distinct frequencies, electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to track the frequency-tagged steady-state visually evoked potent...

Periodic visual stimulation can evoke the steady-state visual potential (SSVEP) in the brain. Owing to its superior characteristics, the SSVEP has been widely used in neural engineering and cognitive neuroscience studies. However, the underlying mechanisms of the SSVEP are not well understood. In this study, we introduced a brain reconfiguration methodology to explore the possible mechanisms of...

INTRODUCTION Brain – computer interface (BCI) systems allow people to send information without moving [1]. Some BCIs rely on the Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP), a type of EEG activity that occurs when subjects focus attention on a stimulus that oscillates between about 5-40 Hz. Thus, the efficacy of an SSVEP BCI depends on how quickly and effectively it can distinguish SSVEP activ...

We report data which demonstrates a correlation between the magnitude of the Steady State Visually Evoked Potential (SSVEP) and visual vigilance. The SSVEP was recorded from 64 scalp sites and elicited by a 13 Hz uniform visual flicker presented while subjects undertook a visual vigilance task. Fifteen right-handed males were required to view three times a 180 second series of geometrical shape...

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) implement a direct communication pathway between the brain of an user and an external device, as a computer or a machine in general. One of the most used brain responses to implement non-invasive BCIs is the so called steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP). This periodic response is generated when an user gazes to a light flickering at a constant frequen...

Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) are oscillations of the electroencephalogram (EEG) observed over the occipital area that exhibit a frequency corresponding to a repetitively flashing visual stimulus. SSVEPs have proven to be very consistent signals for rapid EEG-based braincomputer interface (BCI) control. However, due in part to perceptual and neurophysiological aspects, SSVEP si...

Numerous EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems that are being developed focus on novel feature extraction algorithms, classification methods and combining existing approaches to create hybrid BCIs. Several recent studies demonstrated various advantages of hybrid BCI systems in terms of an improved accuracy or number of commands available for the user. But still, BCI systems are far f...

Our study shows that subjects can implicitly learn to use a steady-state visually-evoked potential (SSVEP) based brain computer interface (BCI). The SSVEP stimuli were presented in an immersive star field virtual environment. Within the star field the SSVEP stimuli appeared in a pseudo random order. Participants’ attention to the stimuli resulted in stars moving within the immersive space. Part...

Old age is generally accompanied by a decline in memory performance. Specifically, neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies have revealed that there are age-related changes in the neural correlates of episodic and working memory. This study investigated age-associated changes in the steady state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) amplitude and latency associated with memory performance. Par...

The Brain-Computer Interfaces can successfully help the healthy and disabled users, in performing various activities in their day to day life. But still such high expectations are yet to be fulfilled by the existing BCI designs due to their restricted reliability and less understanding of the brain mechanisms used in it. Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems based on the steady-state visual ev...