A little personal history first. In 1971, at the invitation of la Commission française pour l’unesco, I took part in a colloque at the Centre national d'études spatiales on the use of satellites for education. We or some in the colloque were expecting them to revolutionise education. A few years later, instructional television, pioneered at the Ecole Normale St Cloud and further afield in Niger...

We investigate the relation between mobile phone usage and regional economic development in Côte d’Ivoire. Most previous studies on mobile phone communication focused on developed countries. Their results may be difficult to extend to developing countries. Here we study mobile communication in a developing nation, namely Côte d’Ivoire. Our main motivations are, first, that the effects of inform...

This paper proposes a microeconomic decomposition of the evolution of income inequality in Côte d’Ivoire in the 1990s, allowing the in-depth analysis of simultaneous contributions of four types of phenomena to the evolution of the distribution of income: a change in the remuneration rates of observed and unobserved earnings determinants, a change in occupational preferences, and a change in the...

Humans have been exploiting marine resources along the Levantine coast for millennia. Advances in biomolecular archaeology present novel opportunities to understand exploitation of these taxa antiquity. We discuss potential insights generated by applying collagen peptide fingerprinting, ancient DNA analysis, and stable isotope analysis groupers (Serranidae) sea turtles (Chelonia mydas Caretta c...

In coastal areas, hydrodynamic factors make changes in shorelines geomorphology. This can affect coastal facilities and cause hazards to human societies in the areas. This study has investigated the influence of wave and tide properties on Khamir Port, Hormoz Strait in coast of Persian Gulf. The purpose of the study is to make a mathematical regional and local modeling of water level fluctuatio...

Gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) have been rapidly recolonizing the Northeast US coast, eliciting concern from the fishing industry. However, the ecological effect of this recovery is still unknown and as such, research is needed to better understand how the diet composition of gray seals in US waters will contribute to the ecological impact. While previous research on seal diets has focused on ...

!30 years of age are at higher risk of developing acute hepatitis A than are those aged 140 years (OR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.2– 23.3). Patients who acquired HIV infection during sex had higher rates of natural hepatitis A immunity than did those who acquired HIV infection parenterally (61% vs. 38%; ). P p .13 These data support the recommendation of hepatitis A vaccination for patients with HIV infect...

Stable isotope analysis of human remains has been used to address long-standing debates regarding the speed and degree to which the introduction of farming transformed diet. In Europe, this debate has centered on northern and Atlantic regions with much less attention devoted to the arrival of farming across the Mediterranean. This study presents carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses of co...

S • A3 expansion of C4 grasses. Mesowear analysis and mandibular measurements were recorded on a suite of common Siwalik ungulate taxa including bovids, tragulids, giraffids, and equids dated before and after 8 Ma. Results are compared to published microwear and stable carbon isotope data. Preliminary data suggest that the dietary reconstruction obtained for some taxa as well as the observation...