Burroughs, A.K., Hamilton, G. Phillips, A., Mezzanotte, G., Mclntyre, N. and Hobbs, K.E.F. (1989) A comparison of sclerotherapy with staple transection of the esophagus for the emergency control of bleeding from esophagus varices. The New England Journal of Medicine; 321:857-862 We compared two procedures for the emergency treatment of bleeding esophageal varices in patients who did not respond...

In this paper we analyze the properties of the well-known segmentation fusion algorithm STAPLE, using a novel inference technique that analytically marginalizes out all model parameters. We demonstrate both theoretically and empirically that when the number of raters is large, or when consensus regions are included in the model, STAPLE devolves into thresholding the average of the input segment...

The influence of dyeing and spinning on the characteristics of cotton fibers and its impact on the properties of cotton mélange yarn has been investigated. Grey cotton fibers with mean fiber length and fineness of 29 mm and 4.2 micronair were pre-treated and dyed. Three ring yarns were spun from 100 % grey cotton (R.R.Y), 50-50 % blend of dyed and grey cotton (M.R.Y) and 100 % dyed cotton fiber...

Background: Cotton with coevolving pests has been grown in India more than 5000 years. Hybrid cotton was introduced in the 1970s with increases in fertilizer and in insecticide use against pink bollworm that caused outbreaks of bollworm. Hybrid Bt cotton, introduced in 2002 to control bollworm and other lepidopteran pests, is grown on more than 90 % of the cotton area. Despite initial declines,...

BACKGROUND The present study aimed to define the optimal number of atlases for automatic multi-atlas-based brachial plexus (BP) segmentation and to compare Simultaneous Truth and Performance Level Estimation (STAPLE) label fusion with Patch label fusion using the ADMIRE® software. The accuracy of the autosegmentations was measured by comparing all of the generated autosegmentations with the ana...

Cotton fiber development at the stages of elongation and secondary wall synthesis determines the traits of fiber length and strength. To date, the mechanisms controlling the progression of these two phases remain elusive. In this work, the function of a fiber-preferential actin-binding protein (GhPFN2) was characterized by cytological and molecular studies on the fibers of transgenic green-colo...

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play essential roles in the regulation of gene expression. In this study, small RNA deep sequencing was applied to explore novel miRNAs expressed in elongating cotton fibers. A total of 46 novel and 96 known miRNAs, primarily derived from the corresponding specific loci in genome of Gossypium arboreum, were identified. 64 miRNAs were shown to be diffe...

Introduction STAPLE is an expectation-maximization algorithm for Simultaneous Truth And Performance Level Estimation. The algorithm considers a collection of segmentations and computes a probabilistic estimate of the hidden, implicit, true segmentation and a measure of the performance level achieved by each segmentation. The source of each segmentation in the collection may be an appropriately ...