This article provides a review of selected literature of nonhuman primates in the subsistence and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American groups. While few works have focused specifically on the relationship between human and nonhuman primates in Amazonia and the surrounding areas, a number of ethnographic works do incorporate information about the roles of monkeys in varied groups. The ...

Marine saponins are naturally glycosides compounds which possess important biomedical properties such as anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Nevertheless, no systematic studies on the anti-inflammatory potential of brittle star saponin and its underlying mechanisms have been reported. In this study, Ophiocoma erinaceus extracted saponin was investigated for its in vitro anti-inflamm...

Purpose – Children are bombarded by branded communication every day. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role that particular linguistic devices play in communication, and whether this process differs between children and adults. One such device is phonetic symbolism, which has been shown to lead adults to prefer brand names whose phonetic attributes match product and/or brand featu...

It is shown that pairs of demonstratives in which there is a vocalic opposition have an advantage in their struggle for existence in languages when F2’ is higher in the proximal than in the distal form. It is also shown that nasals are preferred in first person pronouns while stops and other obstruents are preferred in second person pronouns. Explanations are suggested for both findings. They i...

It is being increasingly recognized that the Saussurean dictum of “the arbitrariness of the linguistic sign” is in conflict with the pervasiveness of the phenomenon commonly known as “sound symbolism”. After first presenting a historical overview of the debate, however, we conclude that both positions have been exaggerated, and that an adequate explanation of sound symbolism is still lacking. H...

literature plays various roles, the major function being expressing reality through the forms of the novel and the short story. naguib mahfuz, one of the outstanding arab novelists, has special talents in this respect. he expresses social problems critically. the sexual crisis is one of the plights which is both discussed and challenged in his novels and short stories. he investigated sexual cr...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders, affecting 5-10% of reproductive aged women. High levels of androgen hormone can be accounted as the most important symptoms in PCOS. Androgen is the precursor of steroid biosynthesis in ovary. The transport of cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane through StAR protein is also necessary for andr...

ion, in computer science, is a mechanism and practice to reduce and factor out details so that one can focus on few concepts at a time; Symbolism is the systematic or creative use of symbols as abstracted representation of concepts.