This paper describes how to response of oscilloscopes, especially at low fre MHz to 1 GHz. The method uses the phas standard mixer calibrated by three-mixer reference phase. We describe basic principles obtained using a balanced mixer and a real-tim GHz BW).

A low-voltage and low-power RF mixer for WCDMA applications is presented. The paper presents a novel topology mixer that leads to a better performance in terms of isolation and power consumption for low supply voltage. The measuring results of the proposed mixer achieve: 7dB power conversion gain, 10.4dB double side band (DSB) noise figure, -2dBm input third-order intercept point (IIP3), and th...

A 3–8 GHz broadband mixer is presented in this paper. This broadband mixer is low power and high conversion gain. It provides current reuse and ac-coupled folded switching. This mixer is designed in TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS technology. This broadband mixer achieves simulated conversion gain of 9 ± 1.5 dB, a single sideband noise figure lower than 15.2 dB and IIP3 batter than −7 dBm. From 3–8GHz, at su...

Kenics static mixers enhance mixing under laminar flow conditions. The ideal mixer achieves efficient at a low pressure drop. A modified design of the is analyzed, featuring gaps between elements, which can achieve same level as conventional but with fewer elements and substantially lower effects entrances exits are enhanced by introduction elements. performances based on right–left right–right...

Static mixers, devices used for mixing immiscible liquids in a compact configuration, were found to be effective in carrying out initial transesterification reactions of canola oil and methanol. The objective of this study was to explore the possibilities of using static mixers as a continuous-flow reactor for biodiesel production. Biodiesel (canola methyl ester) was produced under varying cond...

Recently, a next-generation heterodyne mixer detector— a hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer employing a superconducting microbridge—has gradually opened up terahertz-band astronomy. The surrounding state-of-the-art technologies including fabrication processes, 4 K cryostats, cryogenic low-noise amplifiers, local oscillator sources, micromachining techniques, and spectrometers, as well as the HE...