The purpose of this research to present for the first time a practical plan to cost optimize the composite metal floor deck, so that the designer, by having the dimensions of the main beam framing, will be able to come to the most design including: the section of composite steel beam, the beam span, the thickness of metal deck sheets and the thickness of the concrete slab. The main method of op...

moment-resisting frames have extensive usage in earthquake-prone areas and high ability in energy dissipation.after the earthquake in northridge 1994,kobe 1995 fixed connections of steel structures have shown poor performance and generally they were caught brittle fracture of beam flange weld to the column.in order to remedy to avoid similar situations in future earthquakes,researchers introduc...

cost reduction is one of the methods applied for improving the productivity of organizations. in productivity literature, particularly in nonparametric methods, cost reduction related methods are regarded as input oriented models. this paper presents a supply chain management (scm) model in which purchasing iron ore and coke from different resources, along with production and distribution of st...

An analysis was carried out to determine whether concrete is a sustainable housing material. Sustainability generally means having no net negative impact on the environment, and this analysis compared the environmental impact of producing concrete and steel. To make this comparison, we first designed a simple reinforced concrete beam and a steel I-beam with the same moment capacity, and we then...

The steel-concrete composite girder bridge with V-shaped piers is a new type of structure. It has both the unique mechanical performance combined continuous and that pier bridge. At present, studies on properties steel main girders concrete deck slabs are mainly focused substructure for vertical piers, but not solidified. However, if cemented to girder, will directly affect total superstructure...

This research is carried out to study the effect of external post-tensioning technique on flexural capacity simply supported composite castellated beam experimentally. In this research, seven beams having same dimensions and material properties were cast tested up failure by applied two concentrated loads at 700 mm from each end. Two strands 12.7 diameter fixed side web strengthening located de...

The main girders of the I-section steel-concrete composite twin girder bridge is usually connected together by frame cross bracing. When with welding, flat plates for stiffening can be used to strengthen connection ensure effective transfer forces between two. In this paper, finite element simulation method study influence plates. results show that, compared structure without stiffening, when s...