This work presents an experimental study that investigates the behavoir of both conventional and under-reamed piles embedded in a single layer sand with varying relative densities examines different soil layers, subjected to pullout static monotonic loading. The focuses on influence spacing ratio between under-reams number bulbs pile's ultimate load. A uniform pile stem, bulb, twin were three v...

Tulip is one of the most important bulbous genera in world’s floriculture. It known that cold exposure bulbs before planting required to break bulb dormancy and promote plant’s flowering. Preparation procedures performed by breeders differ duration thermal level, choice procedure depends on genotype’s sensitivity temperature; however, little about metabolic responses underlying different behavi...

Recent studies suggest that cell therapy may be an effective way to repair intervertebral disc degeneration. As a strong immune suppressor, TGF-β1 has been shown to inhibit inflammation respond effectively. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of TGF-β1 during bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-based therapy for disc degeneration. In vitro assays demonstrated that co-culturing...

Background: Low-level lasers are used for various medical applications including wound healing and hair loss treatment. Cell Therapy using skin stem cells could be a novel approach to hair transplantation. However, there is no study on the effect of low-level laser on the hair follicle stem cells. So, in this study, we investigated the effect of low level laser irradiation on viability and ROS ...

The mammalian olfactory system consists of two anatomically segregated structures, the main olfactory system and the vomeronasal system, which each detect distinct types of chemical stimuli in the environment. During development, sensory neurons establish precise axonal connections with their respective targets within the olfactory bulb. The specificity of the odorant or vomeronasal receptor ex...

Four species from Liliaceae family were studied: Bellevalia glauca (Lindl.) Kunth., kurdistanica Feinbrum, Gagea reticulata Salisb. and Ornithogalum brachystachys C.Koch, morphologically anatomically. Plants collected Gurfa-Adhim district between March May, 2016. Bulb, scape, stem leaves, inflorescence flowers examined variations in size, shape dimensions recorded. The results revealed close mo...

A single mature adhesive disc of Parthenocissus tricuspidata has an average mass of only about 0.0005 g, an average attached area of about 1.22 mm2, and an adhesive force of about 13.7 N. On average, the disc can support a combined weight of stem, leaf, branchlet, and tendril which is 260 times greater than its own weight during the growth, and can sustain a maximum pulling force which is 28000...

The adult mammalian brain maintains populations of neural stem cells within discrete proliferative zones. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating adult neural stem cell function is limited. Here, we show that MYST family histone acetyltransferase Querkopf (Qkf, Myst4, Morf)-deficient mice have cumulative defects in adult neurogenesis in vivo, resulting in declining numbers of olfac...

INTRODUCTION Jaw joint disorders affect more than 10 million Americans and can have a significant effect on quality of life. The Temporomandibular Joint, or TMJ, is behind the pain, clicking, and grinding of the jaw that so many individuals find aggravating and in some cases, debilitating. Up to 70% of patients with jaw joint disorders suffer from some displacement of the TMJ disc, which can le...

The detection of growth hormone (GH) and its receptor in germinal regions of the mammalian brain prompted our investigation of GH and its role in the regulation of endogenous neural precursor cell activity. Here we report that the addition of exogenous GH significantly increased the expansion rate in long-term neurosphere cultures derived from wild-type mice, while neurospheres derived from GH ...