[Purpose] This study aims to analyze the effect that moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has on the respiratory synergist muscles. The results will provide basic data that can be used in the clinical management of COPD. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects in the study were 47 male patients with COPD between 55 and 70 years old who were treated in a medical institutio...

abstract bachground: the main objective of this study was to define the clinical changes of facial deformity in patients older than 5 years with congenital torticollis treated by proximal and distal sternocleidomastoid tenotomy. methods: we retrospectively evaluated fifteen patients who had had an open tenotomy of the sternal and clavicular and mastoid origins of the sternocleidomastoid muscle ...

Hemihyperplasia is a kind of regional body growth asymmetry and can be symptom several congenital disorders tumorous conditions. Torticollis most commonly caused by asymmetric hypertrophy the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Herein, we report case hemihyperplasia in an infant with ipsilateral torticollis. The baby was evaluated using physical examination ultrasonography. We observed significant righ...