During the intracellular life of Salmonella enterica, a unique membrane-bound compartment termed Salmonella-containing vacuole, or SCV, is formed. By means of translocated effector proteins, intracellular Salmonella also induce the formation of extensive, highly dynamic membrane tubules termed Salmonella-induced filaments or SIF. Here we report the first detailed ultrastructural analyses of the...

The utilization of remotely sensed observations for light use efficiency (LUE) and tower-based gross primary production (GPP) estimates was studied in a USDA cornfield. Nadir hyperspectral reflectance measurements were acquired at canopy level during a collaborative field campaign conducted in four growing seasons. The Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) and solar induced chlorophyll fluoresc...

The gastrointestinal toxicity associated with aceclofenac can be reduced by condensing its carboxylic acid group with methyl esters of amino acids like histidine and alanine to give amide linkage by the Schotten-Baumann method. Physicochemical characterization of the conjugates was carried out by various analytical and spectral methods. The synthesized conjugates were also subjected to in vitro...

Subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF) of the femoral head occurs in the elderly and recipients of organ transplantation. Osteoporosis and deficient lateral coverage of the acetabulum are known risk factors for SIF. There has been no study about relation between spinopelvic alignment and anterior acetabular coverage with SIF. We therefore asked whether a decrease of lumbar lordosis and a defi...

The present work aims at investigating the failure size effect of a spheroidal void in an infinite linear elastic solid under remote tension by means coupled Finite Fracture Mechanics (FFM) approach. opening stress field and intensity factor (SIF) annular crack surrounding cavity —necessary for FFM implementation— are obtained numerically through parametric axisymmetric finite element analyses ...

A closed-form solution is obtained for the interfacial edge crack between two bonded dissimilar orthotropic strips loaded by antiplane point loading in form of screw dislocation or line force. Conformal mapping and existing dislocation solutions are utilized for constructing the fundamental solution of the problem. The stress intensity factor (SIF) and the energy release rate (ERR) are obtained...

A Zener±Stroh crack is formed by coalescing a dislocation pileup and therefore is a net dislocation loaded crack. In this paper, the interaction between a Zener±Stroch crack and surrounding cylindrical ®bers in a ®ber-reinforced composite material has been investigated. The crack is located in the matrix and near a ®ber, while the in ̄uence of other ®bers on the crack is considered through the t...

Postischemic temperature, which modulates brain injury, is commonly determined via a rectal temperature (Trec) probe. This procedure causes a stress-induced fever (SIF) in rodents that may aggravate injury or diminish the efficacy of a neuroprotectant. We continually measured core temperature (Tcore) via an implanted telemetry probe and made 16 Trec measurements over 4 days in sham and ischemic...

BACKGROUND Since the invention of the simultaneous ICG and fluorescein (SIF) videoangiography in 1995 none of the available SLOs were significantly improved. Digital video recording with a PC can simplify and improve the quality of the angiography. METHOD SIF angiography images of a two-wavelength scanning laser ophthalmoscope were digitized with a personal computer and written to disk with a...

Soybean isoflavone (SIF) has anti-aging properties and many other biological functions; however, SIF is difficult to reach higher blood concentration due to its rapid metabolism. Therefore, it is of great value to design and produce a sustained-release formulation that is able to maintain a stable level of plasma concentrations. In this paper, soybean isoflavone sustained-release microsphere fr...