We consider the relationship between ideals of a BCI-algebra and order ideals of its adjoint semigroup. We show that (1) if I is an ideal, then I =M−1(M(I)), (2) M(M−1(J)) is the order ideal generated by J∩R(X), (3) if X is a BCK-algebra, then J =M(M−1(J)) for any order ideal J of X, thus, for each BCK-algebra X there is a one-to-one correspondence between the set (X) of all ideals of X and the...

BCK-algebras, introduced in the 1960s by Imai and Iséki [3], form a well-known class of algebras intensively studied in algebraic logic during the last decades. The reason of their introduction was practically twofold: they describe general properties of algebras of sets with the set subtraction as a binary operation, and secondly, they form a natural generalization of algebraic counterparts of...

In this paper, a new notion, called TM-algebra, which is a generalization of the idea of Q/BCH/BCI/BCK/BCC-algebra, is introduced. Some theorems discussed in Q-and BCK algebras are generalized. Definition of TM-algebra along with various propositions are stipulated and presented with their respective proofs. The relation between TM-algebra and other algebra has been investigated and detailed in...

let $r$ be a commutative ring. the purpose of this article is to introduce a new class of ideals of r called weakly irreducible ideals. this class could be a generalization of the families quasi-primary ideals and strongly irreducible ideals. the relationships between the notions primary, quasi-primary, weakly irreducible, strongly irreducible and irreducible ideals, in different rings, has bee...

using the notion of anti fuzzy points and its besideness to and nonquasi-coincidence with a fuzzy set, new concepts in anti fuzzy subalgebras in bck/bci-algebras are introduced and their properties and relationships are investigated.

In this note, by using the concept of Bipolar-valued fuzzy set, the notion of bipolar-valued fuzzy BCK/BCI-algebra is introduced. Moreover, the notions of (strong) negative s-cut (strong) positive t-cut are introduced and the relationship between these notions and crisp subalgebras are studied.

Hyperstructure theory was born in 1934 when Marty [9] defined hypergroups, began to analyze their properties and applied them to groups, rational algebraic functions. Now they are widely studied from theoretical point of view and for their applications to many subjects of pure and applied properties. In 1986, Sen and Saha [12] introduced the concept of Γsemigroup as a generalization of semigrou...

In this paper we introduce the notion of interval-valued (i.v.) fuzzy prime and semiprime ideals of a hypersemiring and study different properties of these two ideals. Finally, we examine the strongly irreducibility and irreducibility of an i.v. fuzzy ideal of a hypersemiring and characterize the equivalence of primeness, strongly irreducibility and irreducibility of an i.v. fuzzy ideal of a fu...

The notions of $${{\mathcal {N}}}$$ -ideal types $$(\in , \in )$$ and \! \vee \, {q})$$ soft $${\mathcal N}_{\in }$$ -set, {N}}}_{q}$$ {N}}}_{\in {q}}$$ -subalgebra in BCK/BCI-algebra are introduced, several properties investigated. Characterizations N}$$ discussed.