Diabetic nephropathy leading to kidney failure is a major complication of both type I (insulin-dependent) and type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, and glomerular structural lesions (especially expansion of the mesangium) may constitute the principal cause of decline in kidney function experienced by a significant fraction of diabetic patients. Although the biochemical bases of the...

Computational network analysis provides new methods to analyze the brain's structural organization based on diffusion imaging tractography data. Networks are characterized by global and local metrics that have recently given promising insights into diagnosis and the further understanding of psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Most of these metrics are based on the idea that information in a n...

Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a new endoscopic imaging technology that allows real-time, high-resolution observation of tomographic images mucosal cells and subcellular levels in vivo, detecting microscopic structural changes morphology, its vivo immediate pathological diagnostic capability can avoid delays diagnosis reduce the pain caused by repeated biopsies. CLE known as “optical bi...

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This study investigated the relationship between urinary protein excretion in lupus nephritis New Zealand black mice and renal pathology. A total of 328 lupus nephritis New Zealand black mice were established by a backcross hybridization method, and renal pathology was determined. The urinary protein excretion of the backcross mice over 24 h was compared and analyzed. Urinary protein excretion ...

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) and DNA repair by photolyase in the presence of light (photoreactivation) are the major pathways to remove UV-induced DNA lesions from the genome, thereby preventing mutagenesis and cell death. Photoreactivation was found in many prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, but not in mammals, while NER seems to be universally distributed. Since packaging of eukaryotic...

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the commonest human malformations, affecting 6 per 1000 livebirths.They account for 10% of infant deaths and about 50% of deaths from malformations.1 It is a clinical paradox that the most benign lesions such as small VSDs or mild pulmonary stenosis, are more likely to be detected on routine newborn examination. Of the major structural lesions, the cyano...

Posterior bony defects of the glenoid rim, particularly those associated with instability, are often a frustrating challenge for arthroscopists because of the defects' inaccessibility from standard portals. This challenge is enhanced when the lesion is chronic and fibrous malunion of the fragment makes mobilization difficult. We present our technique for arthroscopic repair of the relatively un...

Background: A wide variety of cutaneous and mucosal lesions occur in renal transplant recipients. Objectives: Evaluation of the skin and mucous membrane lesions in the kidney transplant recipients in Noor and Ali Asghar Hospital in Isfahan. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done on 117 patients (82 male, 35 female), who had received kidney transplants and re...