Single equation instrumental variable models for discrete outcomes are shown to be set not point identifying for the structural functions that deliver the values of the discrete outcome. Identi…ed sets are derived for a general nonparametric model and sharp set identi…cation is demonstrated. Point identi…cation is typically not achieved by imposing parametric restrictions. The extent of an iden...

Background: Infantile spasm is a type of pediatric seizure often associated with a negative prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in categorization and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with infantile spasm. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of the clinical charts and MRI findings of infants diagnosed with infantile spasm ...

This paper studies models for discrete outcomes which permit explanatory variables to be endogenous. In these models there is a single nonadditive latent variate which is restricted to be locally independent of instruments. The models are incomplete; they are silent about the nature of dependence between the latent variate and the endogenous variable and the role of the instrument in this relat...

background: this study sought to access differences in long-term (9 months) outcomes between acute coronary syndrome (acs) patients who undergo early intervention compared to percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) in stable and refractory conditions. methods: data originated from tehran heart center registry- interventional cardiology (thcr-ic) and consisted of 1267 patients divided into two ...

how to cite this article: afsharkhas l, khalessi n, karimi panah m. intraventricular hemorrhage in term neonates: sources, severity and outcome. iran j child neurol. summer 2015;9(3):34-39.   abstract objective intraventricular hemorrhage (ivh) occurs in preterm infants; however, the occurrence of this event is less frequent in term neonates. the present study evaluated clinical characteristics...

background: fistula-in-ano is a problematic perianal disease for physicians and patients because of its occasional difficulty in management. due to the different types of fistulas seen in patients, careful approach is necessary to correctly choose from among the various surgical techniques. one surgical method for complex fistula is the endorectal advancement flap which has been frequently perf...

background meningitis is a life-threatening disease and can lead to significant sequelae. pediatric bacterial meningitis leaves some survivors with more significant sequelae if not treated, promptly. the advent of vaccine has changed the incidence of pediatric bacterial meningitis but these vaccines have not been used in routine childhood immunization schedule. objectives the current study aime...

background multiple renal arteries in kidney grafts have been associated with an increased rate of vascular and urologic complications. our objective is to compare the outcome of transplanted patients who receive a single pedicle kidney with those who receive a multiple arterial graft. objectives to find our the differences in the outcome and complications in patients undergoing kidney transpla...

introduction: regarding to the recent advances in assisted reproductive techniques (art), twin and multiple pregnancies have increased during past years. objective: this study was performed to compare obstetrics and perinatal outcomes of dichorionic twin pregnancy following art with spontaneous pregnancy. materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study which was performed in ghaem hospital...

background: the aim of this study was to evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes in preeclampsia (pe), according to the value of albumin.materials and methods: preeclamptic women were retrospectively divided into mild hypoproteinemia (mhp, n = 220) and severe hypoproteinemia (shp, n = 79) pe according to the value of albumin. the maternal and perinatal outcomes were evaluated in both groups. r...